Staging pT4bN3aM1 is the postoperative pathological staging of cancer, based on which the cancer can be determined to be a stage IV lesion, an advanced cancer. The p in staging pT4bN3aM1 stands for pathology, T is for the primary cancer lesion, 4b stands for the invasion range of the primary cancer lesion, N stands for the regional lymph nodes, 3a stands for the invasion range of the lymph nodes, M stands for distant metastasis, and M1 indicates the presence of distant metastasis. According to the TNM staging criteria for cancer, generally as long as distant metastasis has occurred in the cancer lesion, the patient is staged at the latest stage IV, regardless of the extent of invasion of the primary cancer lesion or regional lymph nodes.