In general, esophageal dilatation can be examined by barium x-ray of the esophagus and esophagoscopy, with esophagoscopy being the most accurate. Esophageal dilatation can be categorized into primary and secondary. Dilatation that occurs in the upper part of the esophageal stricture is secondary, and primary dilatation can be categorized into extensive and limited dilatation. Extensive dilatation, also known as congenital dilatation, is a full-segment esophageal dilatation caused by esophageal neuromuscular dysfunction; limited dilatation, or diverticulum, can be divided into bulging diverticulum and traction diverticulum. Esophageal dilatation examination, in the esophagus barium X-ray can show the whole section or part of the dilatation to form a diverticulum, you can observe the continuity and flatness of the esophageal mucosa, with or without rigidity; in esophagoscopy can be directly found in the dilated esophagus, and can be observed in the esophageal mucosa with or without congestion, ulceration, vesiculosis, hyperplasia and so on, it is a better means of checking esophageal dilatation. Once esophageal dilatation is detected, it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately for a clear diagnosis and targeted treatment.