Rotavirus enteritis is an acute gastrointestinal infectious disease caused by rotaviruses. The pathogen is mainly transmitted through the digestive tract, mainly in infants and young children, often caused by group A rotavirus, the onset of the peak in the fall, so the name of infantile autumn diarrhea. group B rotavirus can cause diarrhea in adults. Clinical manifestations The incubation period is usually 2~3 days. The onset of acute, the main clinical manifestations of diarrhea, yellow watery stools, no mucus and pus and blood, the amount of, usually 5 ~ 10 times / day, the heavy more than 20 times / day. Most of them are accompanied by fever, and the body temperature is 37.9~39.5℃. 30%~50% of the children have respiratory symptoms in the early stage. Fever and respiratory symptoms are less common in adults than in children. Other accompanying symptoms include abdominal distension, abdominal ringing, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Adult rotavirus infection may be characterized by generalized malaise, aches and pains, dizziness and headache. Isotonic dehydration, metabolic acidosis and electrolyte disorders may occur in severe cases of diarrhea. Symptoms are more severe in the frail, elderly, and patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection has a short course, usually 3-5 days, and is mostly self-limiting. Chronic symptomatic diarrhea may occur in immunodeficient patients. Examination 1, blood routine The total number of leukocytes is normal in most cases, with a slight increase in a few cases, and there may be an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the cell classification. Stool examination: the appearance of yellow watery loose stools, no mucus pus and blood, microscopic examination is mostly no abnormality. 2, fecal viruses, viral antigen detection (1) electron microscopy detection of viruses in feces Electron microscopy through the observation of typical morphology to make a specific diagnosis, its positive rate of up to 90%. (2) Detection of virus-specific antigens Many immunologic methods can be used to detect rotavirus-specific antigens. Such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA), complement binding assay (CF), immunofluorescence (IF) method. 3, the detection of viral nucleic acid in feces can be applied to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, nucleic acid hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Among them, nucleic acid hybridization method has higher specificity, PCR method has higher sensitivity, and is mostly used in molecular epidemiology research. 4, serum antibody detection of rotavirus The immunological methods such as EIA are used to detect specific antibodies in the patient’s serum. If the antibody potency of both sera in the acute stage and recovery stage of the disease is 4 times higher, then it is of diagnostic significance. Diagnosis Diagnosis is mainly based on epidemiologic data and clinical manifestations. 1, epidemiological data According to the epidemic season, endemic areas, the emergence of similar intestinal symptoms patients, should pay attention to this disease. 2, clinical manifestations shorter incubation period, the onset of disease is more acute, manifested as diarrhea, yellow watery stool, some children can be accompanied by respiratory symptoms. Differential diagnosis need to be differentiated from the acute enteritis caused by norovirus, enteric adenovirus, embedded cup-shaped virus, astrovirus. Complications A few complications of intussusception, gastrointestinal bleeding, anaphylactic purpura, Reye’s syndrome, encephalitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, DIC (diffuse intravascular coagulation). Treatment There is no specific drug treatment. Because the disease is mostly mild, short course and self-limiting, it can be treated on an outpatient basis. Symptomatic treatments such as diet therapy and fluid therapy are the mainstay. For diarrhea, oral rehydration salts (ORS) formula can be taken to correct and prevent dehydration. Antimicrobial therapy is not effective. Prognosis The disease is self-limiting and most have a favorable prognosis. Infants and young children infected with the disease are generally more serious, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. In recent years, the use of oral rehydration salts (ORS) has significantly reduced deaths due to diarrhea. 1, management of infectious sources should be early detection of patients and isolation of patients. Close contacts and suspected patients should be closely observed. 2, cut off the transmission pathway Strengthen the diet, drinking water and personal hygiene, and do a good job of disinfection of the patient’s feces: prevent drinking water sources and food from being contaminated. Hospitals should strictly do a good job of disinfecting the baby area and neonatal room. 3.Protecting susceptible people Vaccination against rotavirus is available for clinical application. During the epidemic period, the use of passive immunization for high-risk groups and susceptible people also has a certain preventive effect. Human milk can be protective to some extent. Breastfeeding is promoted to reduce the severity of illness in young children.