Antimicrobial therapy: early onset of the cardta phase application of antibiotic therapy, the effect is better, the spasmodic cough period is less effective, but can shorten the elimination time, the first choice of erythromycin 30 ~ 50mg/(kg・d), 7 ~ 14 days of medication. The next choice is chloramphenicol 30-50mg/(kg・d), in addition to ampicillin, gentamicin intravenous drip or intramuscular injection. Sulfamethoxazole / meperidine (compound sulfamethoxazole) is also effective. The antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of this disease are macrolide antibiotics such as roxithromycin and azithromycin, which also have obvious efficacy. The course of antibacterial treatment is 2 weeks.
Symptomatic treatment: salbutamol (salbutamol) 0.3mg/(kg・d), divided into 3 oral doses, can relieve its spasticity symptoms, can reduce infants and children’s respiratory distress. If the application effect is not good, sedative can be used, phenobarbital 2-3mg/(kg・d), or chlorpromazine 0.5-1.0mg/(kg・d), 2 times/d or 3 times/d, taken orally. Adrenocorticosteroids can reduce symptoms and shorten the course of the disease, but be aware of the side effects of this drug. betamethasone 0.075mg/(kg・d) or hydrocortisone 30mg/(kg・d) can be used for infants within 6-9 months of age, and the dosage should be gradually reduced after 2 days and stopped after 7-8 days.
Pertussis immunoglobulin (P-IVIG) 2.5ml (400μg/ml), intramuscular injection, 1 time / d, for 3 to 5 days, for children with severe disease, the dose of young infants is reduced by half. However, the clinical use is less.
Care and general treatment: isolate according to respiratory infections, keep the room quiet, with fresh air and proper temperature and humidity, and avoid noise and stimulation. To keep the respiratory tract open and facilitate the discharge of secretions, pay attention to the low head position and pat the back when infants cough spasmodically. For sputum, aspiration should be done promptly. To prevent sudden suffocation of infants, especially at night, there should be special guards. Once suffocation occurs, promptly do artificial respiration, sputum, oxygen, and mouth-to-mouth breathing if necessary. Infants with apnea or convulsions are treated with tracheal intubation and continuous positive airway pressure oxygenation to improve respiratory function or reduce hypoxia, counteract pulmonary atelectasis, and reduce laryngeal and bronchospasm.