[Abstract] Objective To observe the efficacy of bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy combined with CT-guided percutaneous anhydrous ethanol injection in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis of 36 cases of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy from October 2004 to April 2006. Among them, 21 cases were combined with anhydrous ethanol injection (observation group); 15 cases were instillation chemotherapy alone (control group). The results were 3 cases of CR; 14 cases of PR; 4 cases of S in the observation group, with an efficiency of 81%. In the control group, there were no CR patients, 9 cases of PR, 3 cases of S, 2 cases of P, and the efficiency rate was 60%. The objective efficacy, six-month and one-year survival rates of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, with significant differences. Conclusion Bronchial artery perfusion combined with CT-guided percutaneous anhydrous ethanol injection for advanced lung cancer has good efficacy and no serious complications. Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor, and most patients are already at an advanced stage when they are discovered and cannot undergo surgery. Traditional treatment mostly adopts local radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy, which are ineffective and have large side effects, and some patients cannot tolerate them. Since October 2004, we have used bronchial artery perfusion combined with CT-guided percutaneous anhydrous ethanol injection to achieve better efficacy and less complications. 1. Data and methods 1.1 Clinical data: 36 cases of non-small cell lung cancer patients hospitalized from October 2004 to April 2006 were retrospectively collected and divided into observation and control groups according to the treatment they received. All cases were found to have lung masses on X-ray and CT examination before treatment, and the diagnosis was confirmed pathologically by bronchoscopic biopsy or percutaneous lung puncture biopsy. 1.2 There were 21 patients in the observation group, 14 males and 7 females, age 38-77 years old, average 62.6 years old. There were 16 cases of squamous carcinoma and 4 cases of adenocarcinoma. 1.2.1 In the control group, there were 15 patients, 9 males and 6 females, aged 42-76 years, with an average of 63.4 years. There were 10 cases of squamous carcinoma and 5 cases of adenocarcinoma. 1.3 Methods: The observation group firstly used bronchial artery perfusion 1 to 2 times and then performed injection of anhydrous ethanol or crossed both, while the control group only performed bronchial artery perfusion with the same drugs and interval as the observation group. 1.2.1 Bronchial artery perfusion treatment:Using Seldinger’s modified method, puncture through the femoral artery with a 4-5FCobra catheter, looking in the thoracic aorta and inserting the affected bronchial artery after imaging without error will be DDP60mg/m2, THP50mg/m2, CTX600mg/m2 or 5-Fu1.0 slowly injected through the catheter, after the operation, withdraw the tube, compress After the operation, the tube was removed, pressure was applied to stop the bleeding, pressure was applied, and the treatment was carried out once every 4-5 weeks. A total of 2-3 treatments were given. 1.2.2 Anhydrous ethanol injection: The patient was placed in supine or prone position, breathing calmly, routine CT scan to determine the position, direction and depth of needle entry, and mark it well. Then sterilize and lay the towel, local anesthesia, pierce into the mass with a 22G millipede needle along the established direction, and then perform CT scan to confirm that the needle tip is indeed inside the lung cancer, inject 5-15 ml of anhydrous ethanol, compress the needle hole and bandage after injection, and observe whether there is pneumothorax and lung bleeding on CT scan again. After the operation, the patient was laid flat for 2 hours and given anti-inflammatory and hemostatic treatment. It was done once or twice a week, ranging from 2 to 6 times depending on the size of the mass. 1.3 Efficacy determination 1.3.1 Clinical review was performed 1 month after the first treatment, and X-ray or CT examination was performed at 3 months to observe the size and density of the mass. 1.3.2 The efficacy evaluation was based on the general standard of antitumor drug efficacy formulated by the National Collaborative Conference on Anticancer Drug Research [1], which was divided into 4 grades of complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stability (S) and progression (P), and the effective rate=CR+PR. 2. RESULTS 2.1 Clinical symptoms: all patients in both groups had different degrees of reduction or even disappeared compared with those before treatment, among which 12 cases in the observation group showed 12 cases in the observation group showed increased coughing sputum and cavities within the masses on CT examination. 2.2 Recent efficacy: 2 months after treatment, the size of the mass was reviewed by CT, and the change in the size of the mass was shown in Table 1, and the effective rate (CR+PR) in the observation group was 71.4% (15/21), which was significantly higher than that in the control group of 40% (6/15).