Bone cancer is a kind of malignant bone tumor with various types such as osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma and bone metastasis. Due to its rapid growth, early symptoms of bone cancer often manifest as obvious swelling and pressure pain in limbs, or even heat in skin and angiospermia, etc. Among them, pain is the most prominent, which is intermittent at the beginning and later turns into pain. Among them, pain is the most prominent, which is intermittent at the beginning and then becomes persistent, cannot be alleviated by resting and braking, and the pain is more severe when resting quietly. Common early symptoms of bone cancer include: 1. A hard lump can be touched on the surface of bone with pain or no pain. 2. Pain or swelling in bones and joints, which is often aggravated at night. And such symptoms are not necessarily related to activities, the pain can be felt only when pressure is applied, or it can be persistent pain. 3.Spontaneous fracture is mostly caused by the change of bone structure due to the growth of tumor and the weakening of bearing force. Fever, weight loss, fatigue and decreased activity ability, etc. Such symptoms can also occur in the late stage of bone cancer. In addition, if the following situations occur, it should be regarded as early symptoms of bone cancer, and it is recommended to consult doctor and do relevant examination to make a clear diagnosis as soon as possible, so as to avoid delaying the treatment. 1. If there is unexplainable back pain and treatment is ineffective, the spine should be checked for tumor. 2.When one or more fractures occur without obvious reasons, after treating the fractures, one should check whether there is osteosarcoma or osteoporosis. Diagnosis of bone cancer: Clinically, bone cancer is relatively simple compared with other malignant tumors, and preliminary diagnosis can be made according to clinical examination alone. Its diagnostic significance lies in identifying benign, low malignant and highly malignant bone tumors, and the diagnosis of bone cancer is closely related to the patient’s age of onset, gender, site of occurrence and detailed medical history. When bone cancer is located in superficial area, X-ray can be observed to confirm the diagnosis, while some cases need to undergo multi-step bone cancer diagnosis, including combining clinical, X-ray, pathology and comprehensive analysis to confirm the diagnosis finally. (a) Systemic reaction: acute inflammation patients often have elevated body temperature and increased white blood cell count, while patients with benign bone tumors have normal body temperature and normal blood picture. Certain malignant bone tumors such as undifferentiated reticulocyte sarcoma or fast-growing malignant tumors have elevated body temperature and increased white blood cell count. Acute and chronic inflammation and bone tuberculosis patients with increased sedimentation rate, benign bone tumors with normal sedimentation rate, malignant bone tumor patients with increased sedimentation rate. (B) Development process: inflammation gradually subsides after development to a certain degree or after anti-inflammatory treatment; some benign bone tumors can stop development after development to a certain degree; malignant bone tumors continue to develop and destroy, and it is extremely rare for them to stop or disappear on their own. (iii) Local palpation: inflammation often produces abscess, which is generally soft and fluctuates obviously. Bone tumors are usually hard or tough, with solid feeling and clear borders, and the bottom of the tomb is mostly adhered to the bone and can not be moved. However, some malignant tumors with rich blood vessels or hemorrhage may also have fluctuation. (d) Puncture: abscess can be aspirated by puncture, and pus culture or smear staining can sometimes detect pyogenic bacteria. Tumor puncture can only suck out blood, and sometimes tumor tissue fragments can be sucked out by puncture with a thick needle. Benign bone tumors should also be distinguished from malignant bone tumors, because the prognosis and treatment methods of the two are different. The main points of differentiation are as follows: (1) Systemic reaction: in addition to the difference between benign bone tumor and malignant bone tumor in terms of body temperature, blood picture and blood sedimentation, the former patient is in good general condition and has less pain, while the latter patient is emaciated, anemic, with obvious pain, and there is obvious malignant quality in the late stage. (ii) Development speed: benign bone tumors generally develop slowly, and some of them stop developing at a certain age. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, develop rapidly and even form huge lumps, with surface veins in rage. (C) Metastasis: benign bone tumors usually do not have metastasis, while primary malignant bone tumors are more prone to visceral and bone metastasis. (D) X-ray: benign bone tumors have clear boundaries, and there is often a clear demarcation line between benign bone tumors and normal bone, and there is usually no periosteal reaction, and if there is reaction, the periosteal new bone is also more regular and neat. If there is reaction, the new bone of periosteum is also regular and neat. Malignant bone tumors have unclear boundary, unclear demarcation with normal bone, disturbed periosteal reaction, and even form sunshine radiolucency.