I. Overview 1. Strontium-90 dressing treatment Strontium-90 dressing material is made of strontium-90, the advantage is that strontium-90 dressing is a commodity, which can be stored for many years, and it is more convenient to use; the disadvantage is that it cannot be treated according to the shape of the hemangioma, and the treatment of large hemangioma is more laborious; the patient has to go to the hospital every day for the treatment, and for the patients who come from afar, they need to stay in the hospital, or the travel expenses for traveling back and forth every day are relatively large, which is not convenient. It is not very convenient. Strontium-90 dressing device belongs to the nuclide treatment device controlled by the state, which is not allowed to be used in general hospitals. 2.Phosphorus-32 dressing treatment The dressing device is made of phosphorus-32, the advantage is that the dressing device can be made arbitrarily according to the shape of the patient’s hemangioma, which is especially suitable for the treatment of large hemangioma and irregularly shaped hemangioma, it is more convenient to make the dressing device, and the phosphorus-32 is supplied in time, and after the dressing device is tailor-made for the patient, the patient can take it home to receive the treatment according to the doctor’s instruction, and it is not necessary to go to the hospital every day for the treatment, which can save the time and effort. It saves time and labor. Disadvantages are the use of short time, dose mastery is not accurate, uneven distribution. Strontium-90 dressing device is produced by China Atomic High-Tech Co., Ltd, with an effective area of 2 cm×2 cm, a surface absorbing dose of 0.90 Gy/rain, and a surface absorbing dose of 1.20 cm in diameter of 1.60 Oy/min. When treating, firstly, shield the capillary hemangioma with a 2 mm-thick rubber sheet or medical adhesive tape on the normal skin around the capillary hemangioma according to the following instructions: “Appropriate amount, interval, and distribution. In the treatment, the normal skin around the capillary hemangioma will be shielded by 2 mm thick rubber sheet or medical tape, and then irradiated according to the treatment principle of “appropriate amount, interval, multiple times”, and the total dosage of irradiation in one course of treatment is usually 1O~12 Gy, and irradiation will be applied for 5 consecutive times. If a course of treatment fails to cure, the second course of treatment should be carried out at an interval of 3 months. If the hemangioma is superficial and does not protrude from the skin, radioactive phosphorus-32 solution is used to dry the medicine paper and apply it according to the site, shape and size of the lesion for 72 hours with a dose of 10 uci/cm. For those who have deeper growth or form lumps, local injection of phosphorus-32 colloid solution is used, and the dosage is calculated according to the size of the tumor, and the dosage is 0.1 mL/cm (20~30 uci/cm) of the solution is diluted into 1O times with saline, and then it is injected locally into the tumor in a multi-point and even manner. For those who use compress treatment, 1 month is 1 course of treatment, and for those who use injection, 2 months is 1 course of treatment, and generally 2~4 courses of treatment will be cured. Clinical application 1. Principle and main method of radionuclide therapy At present, the radioisotopes used for dressing treatment of skin hemangioma mainly include strontium 90 and phosphorus 32, whose main principle is the ionization effect of β-rays. The main principle of these radioisotopes is the ionization effect of β-rays. β-rays are emitted, and the morphology and function of the diseased tissues are changed by ionization, and the endothelial cells of blood vessels are swollen, inflammatory changes and atrophy, and the blood vessels are closed, and finally replaced by the fibroblasts, so as to achieve the therapeutic purpose. After β-decay into , and then after β-decay into Zr, in these successive decay processes release β-rays with energies of 0, 65 MeV and 2, 2 MeV, of which the β-rays that play a major therapeutic role are those of 2, 2 MeV. The maximum penetration distance of the latter in the tissue is 11mm, and its dose decreases rapidly with the increase of the depth of the tissue, 53% of the tissue dose at the depth of 1mm, 26% at the depth of 2mm, 12% at the depth of 3mm and only 1% at the depth of 6mm, so it is especially suitable for the treatment of superficial diseases in several millimeters, and it has no damage to the surrounding of the treatment domain and organs of the whole body, so the use of it is safe and reliable. After irradiation of capillary hemangioma, the endothelial cells of blood vessels are swollen, inflammatory changes, and early degradation of blood vessel wall occurs, so that the blood vessels can be closed and the therapeutic purpose can be achieved . The dressing treatment of nuclide is to cover the dressing device on the lesion at a close distance for irradiation, and it is preferable to make the dressing device in close contact with the skin lesion as much as possible and not to be displaced. As for the production of the dressing device, each hospital used slightly different, but the principle is basically the same, are the radioactive dressing solution evenly dripped on the filter paper, and then closed with film or aluminum paper, or directly with the China Atomic Energy Research Institute of the dressing device products. 2, the advantages and shortcomings compared with other means of treatment Nuclide dressing treatment relative to other treatment methods, with the use of simple, less expensive, obvious efficacy, few side effects and other obvious advantages, especially for China such a large population, the economy is not yet very developed countries. At present, the isotope treatment cases reported in China, it is generally believed that strawberry hemangioma should be treated with isotope dressing at an early stage, and its efficiency is as high as 80%~100%, and the side effects such as pigmentation are less, the cost is less, it is easy to operate, and the parents’ care is also convenient. At present, there are differences in the case reports of nevus erythematosus, some scholars think that its sensitivity to rays is low, and its effect is worse than that of mixed hemangioma and cavernous hemangioma; some scholars think that the efficacy of nevus erythematosus is better than that of mixed hemangioma and cavernous hemangioma after using the treatment of nuclide dressing. Cavernous hemangioma occurs in subcutaneous and submucous membrane, the scope is wider or the site is deeper, the ray is not easy to reach, the absorbed β-ray dose is limited, it is not easy to achieve the ideal therapeutic effect, and it is often necessary to repeatedly irradiate or cooperate with the method of colloid injection; cavernous hemangioma that reaches deep to the muscular layer, the β-rays can reach the dose is very small, and this kind of hemangioma is recommended to be treated by surgery. Mixed hemangiomas mostly exist in the form of cavernous hemangiomas and cavernous hemangiomas. When cavernous hemangiomas are located in deeper places, the effect is not ideal, and they should be changed to other methods of treatment in time or in conjunction with other methods of treatment.