Previously, hemangiomas were known by many names and classified differently. In recent years, according to the biological characteristics of tumor endothelial cells and the anatomical structure of tissues, they are classified into 2 major categories: hemangiomas (also known as infantile hemangiomas) and choroidal malformations, which differ in their pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment methods. Vascular malformations are abnormal dilatation and communication of capillaries, arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels. They are categorized as microvenous malformations, lymphatic malformations, venous malformations, arteriovenous malformations, and mixed malformations. Hemangiomas (also known as infantile hemangiomas) are characterized by hyperplasia of vascular endothelial cells and are the most common congenital tumors in infants and young children, with about 60% occurring in the head and neck, trunk (25%) and extremities (15%). Hemangiomas in specific sites such as muscle, bone and intracranial areas cause certain physiological dysfunctions; some lesions are life-threatening due to infection, hemorrhage, ulcer formation, high-flow heart failure or specific sites. Hemangiomas are clinically manifested in 3 distinct phases, i.e., the period of rapid proliferation (0–1 years of age), the period of regression (1–5 years of age), and the period of completion of regression (5–10 years of age). The diagnosis of hemangioma is in most cases made on the basis of history and clinical examination. Two questions should be answered during the history: (1) when the lesion was first detected; and (2) what is the rate of growth of the lesion, and whether there is rapid growth and regression. The natural regression of infantile hemangiomas can take a long time, and lesions located especially on the face and neck can be psychologically stressful for the child and his or her parents. Lesions in the early stages of hyperplasia may be small in extent but proliferate rapidly in the short term. Although most hemangiomas only affect the appearance and do not cause serious dysfunction, controlling the proliferation of lesions in the early stages of hyperplasia will minimize the damage to the appearance and lead to earlier regression and a shorter regression process. Complications or some special parts of infantile hemangioma should be actively treated as early as possible. 1, special parts, such as eyelids, orbits, nose, lips, mouth, perineum and other parts, because it can lead to serious dysfunction; 2, accompanied by systemic complications, such as congestive heart failure, thrombocytopenia, coagulation mechanism disorders, etc.; 3, localized complication of the tumor with hemorrhage, ulceration, or dysfunction (vision, hearing, respiration, swallowing, etc.). Surgical resection is not the first choice for the treatment of hemangioma and vascular malformation, and the latest treatment is minimally invasive interventional therapy and drug therapy. Pharmacological treatment is preferred to cardiac glycosides, which are safe and effective in the treatment of proliferative hemangiomas and have become the first-line drugs in the treatment of hemangiomas in various parts of the body. Minimally invasive interventional therapy is to treat hemangiomas and vascular malformations by local puncture sclerotherapy or intravascular injection of sclerosing agent and embolizing agent, which has the advantages of minimally invasive, no scar, and precise curative effect. It is suitable for proliferative hemangiomas larger than 2-3cm in diameter and special areas, such as eyelids, orbits, nose, lips, oral cavity, perineum, etc. 90% of hemangiomas and vascular diseases needing treatment can be treated with minimally invasive interventional therapy, and the therapeutic effect is certain.