Focus on early treatment of infantile hemangiomas

Capillary hemangiomas, also known as infantile hemangiomas, occur mostly in the skin and subcutaneous tissues, preferably in the head and neck, with an incidence of 1-2% of newborn children. Most of them can subside spontaneously. If it occurs in eyelids and orbits, it not only affects the appearance of the child, but also buries the hidden danger of intra-orbital hemorrhage and even the compression of optic nerve, which seriously affects the eyesight of the child. There are many treatment methods for this disease, but most of the parents of the affected children have the misunderstanding of the treatment, because of the age problem and the possible complications of glucocorticoid treatment, the best treatment time of the children is delayed, and the appearance of the children is seriously affected, and the effect of the treatment is not good. The following is a brief introduction to some of the treatment of the disease. 1.Corticosteroids Corticosteroids can inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, so that the sensitivity of capillaries to plasma catecholamines is enhanced, and the capillary lumen is atretic. Oral and local injection are effective. However, local injection treatment is often used, such as methylprednisolone or trimethoprim 40mg plus dexamethasone 5mg, after several injections, the tumor can completely subside in most cases. The younger the age, the fewer the vascular channels in the tumor, the better the efficacy. For those with poor sensitivity to corticosteroids, once a month injection, although the tumor can not completely subside, can inhibit the continued growth of the drug to one year of age, to be spontaneous regression. Although the dosage of intra-tumor injection is large, it rarely causes systemic complications because of the interval of medication. Sclerosing agent intratumor injection is only suitable for smaller subcutaneous tumors. After injecting sclerosing agent into the superficial tumor, skin scar will be left behind; after the eyeball brings together important structures, deep orbital injection can cause serious complications; after sclerosis of large tumors, fibrous tissues are formed, eyelid deformity, therefore, it is used less frequently now. The sclerosing agent often used is 5% sodium cod liver oil, which is injected into the tumor in several times, each time 0.5-0.7 ml. After the first injection, the tumor hardening is incomplete, and the treatment will be repeated after two weeks. 3.Freezing and laser treatment is suitable for superficial lesions. According to the depth of the lesion, the freezing head directly contacts the tumor for 30 seconds to 90 seconds, and the ice is melted twice. Take antimicrobials and pay attention to nursing care to avoid blister breakage and infection. 4.Radiation therapy Surface layer infantile hemangioma with 90 strontium, 32 phosphorus, compressor direct contact with the tumor, treatment 4~6 times. These two elements of radiation beta line, can not pass through the skin, safer. 5.Surgical resection Surgical resection can be considered in the following cases: ① ineffective corticosteroid treatment; ② large tumor, ptosis, covering the pupil, causing astigmatism, strabismus and amblyopia, surgery can remove the tumor or effectively reduce the tumor volume; ③ tumor causing obvious eyelid deformity affecting the psychological development of the child; ④ deep orbital tumors diagnosis is not clear, the need to resect the tumor for pathological and histological examination. Parents are reminded that this disease should be diagnosed at an early stage and reliable and effective treatments should be taken at an early stage to avoid bringing lifelong regrets to the children due to delayed treatment.