The concept of comprehensive treatment is to apply the existing treatments in a planned and rational way according to the patient’s body condition, pathological type, invasion scope (stage) and development trend of tumor, in order to improve the cure rate, prolong the survival period and improve the quality of life of patients. Except for some early stage tumors and some special types of tumors, the principle of treatment for most tumors is comprehensive treatment. (a) The comprehensive treatment of tumor should pay equal attention to the patient’s whole body condition and specific characteristics of tumor in order to avoid one-sidedness and reduce decision errors. Firstly, if in the selection and formulation of comprehensive treatment mode, only the immediate efficacy of killing tumor cells and reducing tumor size is emphasized, but not the patient’s whole body condition and long-term efficacy, not paying attention to the protection of patient’s immune function and body’s positive energy, and carrying out dialectical treatment, the tumor may appear to be “smaller” or “gone”, but the tumor may not be “small”. If we do not pay attention to protect the patient’s immune function and body vitality and carry out dialectical treatment, the tumor may be “small” or “gone”, but the patient’s body is also “collapsed” or “disabled”. Secondly, if in the process of tumor treatment, the toxic side effects of tumor treatment are overly considered and feared without paying attention to the characteristics of tumor types, development trend and biological behavior, and the relationship between “positive” and “evil” is not correctly understood, the tumor cells will grow vigorously and the external evil will be strong. If the tumor cells are growing vigorously and the external evil is strong, they dare not take the correct treatment method in time to kill the tumor cells effectively to get rid of the evil, which will not achieve the best therapeutic effect and may even deprive the tumor that may be cured of the chance to be cured. (2) The comprehensive treatment of tumor is not a simple combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biological treatment and Chinese medicine treatment, but a planned, step-by-step and sequential individualized treatment collection, which is a systematic treatment process that requires the effective collaboration of multiple disciplines such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy to complete successfully. Although the comprehensive treatment plan is not a fixed treatment model, it may be adjusted with the gradual improvement of diagnosis and the difference of therapeutic effect in the process of specific diagnosis and treatment. (3) There are two types of comprehensive tumor treatment: radical treatment and palliative treatment. Once diagnosed as tumor, systematic and comprehensive adjuvant examination should be conducted and the empirical efficacy and treatment purpose of the tumor should be initially evaluated. If the tumor has the possibility of cure, it should be treated with the purpose of radical treatment, and various effective treatment methods should be used to actively treat the tumor and strive for cure by all means. However, since the treatment of many advanced tumors at this stage is palliative treatment, with the basic goal of prolonging the survival time of patients and improving the quality of life, therefore, when formulating comprehensive treatment plans, we should not only pay attention to the recent efficacy of patients, but also pay more attention to the long-term efficacy and quality of life of patients. (4) Not all tumors need comprehensive treatment. For some early stage tumors without dissemination and limited stage tumors with low metastasis rate, a single treatment method can achieve good therapeutic effect, so comprehensive treatment is generally not needed. For example, the metastasis rate of basal cell carcinoma of the skin is very low, so a single surgical treatment can often cure it, and there is no need to choose radiotherapy and chemotherapy for comprehensive treatment after surgery. The 5-year survival rate of gastric intra-mucosal carcinoma is close to 100% with simple surgical resection, and there is no need to use chemotherapy and radiotherapy for comprehensive treatment after surgery. Therefore, every tumor patient should have a consultation with an oncologist in the course of his or her illness, so that he or she may get an optimal treatment plan and obtain the best treatment effect.