Patients with dry syndrome are generally treated symptomatically. Artificial tears, methylcellulose eye drops and cortisone drops can be used to maintain the moistening of the eyes. Cyclopentethione tablets are given for oral dryness, and tea is often made from Chinese herbs such as maitake and salvia. Oral infection and dental caries should be treated promptly when they appear. A few patients with obvious joint symptoms can be treated with non-steroidal antipyretic analgesics. Glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide and azathioprine can be used for treatment when vasculitis, pulmonary fibrosis and peripheral neuritis appear.
In addition to clarifying whether there is system involvement and actively treating dry syndrome, the details noted in daily life are very important.
1.Keep a happy mood
Listen to the doctor’s advice and review regularly.
2.Diet.
Eat more foods that nourish yin and clear heat and produce fluid, including loofah,, celery, yellow cauliflower, lotus root and yam, etc. Avoid spicy, fried, over-salty and over-acidic foods, and the usual nutrients should not be too strictly restricted.
3, as far as possible to avoid the use of drugs.
Drugs that can reduce the secretion of exocrine glands causing dry mouth include
(1) anticholinergics.
(2) anti-hypertensives: alpha-blockers (colistin), beta-blockers (insulin, compound beta-blockers), and
(3) diuretics.
(4) antidepressants: amitriptyline, norethindrone, etc., (5) antidepressants: amitriptyline, norethindrone, etc.
(5) myasthenic drugs: aminoglutethimide, methocarbamol.
(6) Urological drugs: Uracholine, oxybutynin, etc.
(7) Cardiac drugs: diisobenzylpyrimethamine phosphate
(8) Parkinson’s drugs: carbidopa, levodopa
(9) Decongestants: paracetamol, levoephedrine, etc.
4.Pay attention to oral hygiene.
Dry mouth, little saliva, dental caries and tongue chap should pay attention to oral hygiene, prevent the proliferation of oral bacteria, brush teeth at least 2 times a day in the morning and evening, use soft-haired toothbrush is appropriate, rinse mouth after meals, avoid smoking and alcohol, reduce the stimulation of physical factors, secondary oral infections can be used to rinse mouth with Dobell’s liquid, have dental caries should be repaired in a timely manner, weekdays with maidenhair, sage and licorice and other Chinese herbal medicines to make water for tea to keep the mouth moist, oral candida infection. Mycoplasma can be used. Drink water or use artificial saliva, chew sugar-free chewing gum (xylitol) frequently. Oral medications are cyclopentethione (Shua Le, bile vita): 15-30mg/day, recent new drugs are Evoxac (chemical name cevimeline, cevimeline) for dry mouth and eyes (especially dry eyes) more effective, long half-life, longer duration of efficacy, sweating and abdominal pain and other side effects are small.
5.Protection of eyes.
Few tears make the eyes dry, defense function decline, foreign body feeling, can cause corneal damage, prone to bacterial infection, vision loss and other eye diseases, should pay attention to prevent eye dryness, available artificial tears such as 1% methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose or polyvinyl alcohol eye solution point eye, but the effect is short, and slow-release artificial tears or 0.1% hyaluronic acid eye solution [domestic have wetting Shu point eye solution (hyaluronic acid + chloramphenicol) The efficacy of 0.5%-2.0% cortisone ophthalmic solution for severe cases is better, which can relieve the symptoms faster, but it is easy to relapse after stopping the drug and cannot be used for a long time to avoid corneal thinning and perforation. Those with eye irritation use 2% acetylcysteine ophthalmic solution 3-4 times/day to break down pathological mucus strips. Wear diving goggles at night to prevent tear evaporation and apply eye ointment at bedtime to protect the cornea. Also 1% cyclosporine eye drops, 2-3 times/d, can significantly increase tear secretion. For those with corneal epithelial defects, Bevosol eye drops (alkaline fibroblast growth factor) can be used to promote repair and regeneration, 1-2 drops each time, 4-6 times a day, for no more than 2 weeks. For concomitant blepharitis, bacterial conjunctivitis, and corneal ulcers, antimicrobial eye drops such as tetracycline ophthalmic ointment can be used. In addition, tear point closure can also be performed to reduce tear drainage in the form of collagen plugs for temporary closure or laser permanent closure.
6. For hypokalemic renal tubular acidosis.
Pay attention to long-term supplementation of 20% potassium citrate and baking soda to adjust the water and electrolyte balance.
7.For those with mouth ulcers.
Gargle with honeysuckle, white chrysanthemum or umeboshi licorice soup or drink as a substitute for tea.
8, dry nasal cavity.
Use saline nasal drops without oily lubricants to avoid lipid-like pneumonia caused by inhalation.
9.Dry vagina.
Use lubricant, maintain vaginal hygiene and change underwear regularly.