There are two types of kidney cysts. The first type occurs when a single or several fluid-filled sacs occur in the kidney, and the cause of their occurrence is unknown. The other type is polycystic kidney
It is a genetic disease. In polycystic kidney disease, many cysts of different sizes occur in both sides of the kidney and may be accompanied by polycystic liver. What are the symptoms? A single cyst has no symptoms and only appears when it becomes large and causes pain in the lower back. When a single cyst occurs, sometimes you can feel a soft lump in your abdomen with your fingers. Occasionally, polycystic kidney disease can cause hematuria (blood in the urine), or recurrent pyelonephritis. In most cases, polycystic kidney disease is asymptomatic unless the cysts finally replace too much kidney tissue and cause chronic kidney failure. Symptoms only begin to appear when the disease gets to the point of triggering chronic kidney failure. Kidney cysts are usually discovered during a physical examination. Many people with kidney cysts are unaware that they have the disease. In the United States, about 2% of chronic kidney failure disease is the result of a kidney cyst. What are the dangers? The danger of simple renal cysts is that they may develop into malignant cysts, although this rarely happens. Oversized cysts can compress normal kidney tissue and polycystic kidney disease may lead to chronic kidney failure. How to treat? Painless and benign kidney cysts do not require treatment, but if they become large and cause pain, they need to be treated if they are larger than 4 cm in diameter. Renal cyst intervention is simple and safe. It is done by puncture under ultrasound guidance to extract the cystic fluid and then injecting anhydrous ethanol. The cure rate is over 90%. Patients with polycystic kidney, who have pain caused by intracapsular bleeding, or who have large cysts with distension and pain, can also have fluid extraction and decompression to relieve symptoms. If cysts are detected at an early stage and receive regular checkups or treatment from then on, progressive kidney damage can be effectively prevented or delayed.