Adenoids, also called pharyngeal tonsils or proliferators, are located at the top of the nasopharynx and the back wall of the pharynx and are lymphatic tissue with an orange flap-like surface. The adenoids, like the tonsils, grow gradually with age after birth and proliferate vigorously between the ages of 2 and 6, and gradually shrink after the age of 10. Adenoid hypertrophy is a pathological hyperplasia of the adenoids due to repeated stimulation of inflammation, which causes nasal congestion and open-mouth breathing symptoms, especially at night, snoring and sleep disturbance, children often turn over from time to time, more obvious when lying on their backs, and in severe cases, apnea can occur. The disease is most often seen in children, and is often combined with chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy. 1, local symptoms Children’s nasopharyngeal cavity is narrow, such as adenoid hypertrophy blocking the posterior nostril and pharyngeal pharynx, can cause symptoms in the ear, nose, pharynx, throat and other places. (1) Ear symptoms: obstruction of the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube causes secretory otitis media, resulting in hearing loss and tinnitus. (2) Nasal symptoms: It is often complicated by rhinitis and sinusitis, with symptoms such as nasal congestion and runny nose. When speaking with an occlusive nasal sound, snoring sound when sleeping, and sleep apnea in severe cases. (3) Pharynx, larynx and lower respiratory tract symptoms: Because the secretions flow downward and irritate the respiratory tract mucosa, it often causes nighttime paroxysmal cough and is easily complicated by bronchitis. (4) Adenoid face: Due to long-term open-mouth breathing, the facial bone development is impaired, the jaws become longer, the palate is high arched, the teeth are not aligned, the upper incisors are protruding, the lips are thick and lack of expression, and the so-called “adenoid face” appears. 2, systemic symptoms The child shows anorexia, vomiting, indigestion, followed by malnutrition. Poor respiration and insufficient lung expansion can lead to thoracic deformity. Poor breathing at night can cause long-term oxygen deprivation in children, endocrine dysfunction and growth disorders. Parents can find that their children have inattention, mood swings, night terrors, teeth grinding, night sweats, bedwetting and other symptoms. Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the most common causes of obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS). Excessive snoring and breath-holding during sleep are the two main symptoms. Open-mouth breathing during sleep, excessive sweating, morning headache, daytime sleepiness, and learning difficulties are also common symptoms.