A urinalysis is also known as a routine urine test, which reflects whether the body is suffering from urinary tract disease or whether kidney function is impaired. On the urinalysis report if there is a plus sign means it is positive and a minus sign means it is negative. A positive sign indicates a disease in the urinary system, while a negative sign is normal. You can also see items such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and epithelial cells. If these items have results with arrows pointing upward, it means that they are abnormal beyond the normal range. High white blood cells indicate a urinary tract infection and require drinking more water and taking anti-inflammatory drugs. Red blood cells indicate bleeding, and the cause of bleeding should be promptly identified. Common causes are urinary tumors, stones and infections. Urinalysis also reveals urinary ketone body and urinary sugar values, which are indicators of blood sugar control in diabetic patients. There is also proteinuria, which is an indicator of pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis, and if the urine specific gravity shows high, it means that the urine is more concentrated due to insufficient water intake.