Glucose friend Zhang’s story Zhang’s medical history: 62 years old, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 3 years ago, normal urine protein test, no history of cardiovascular disease, good blood glucose control for 3 years, 3 months ago, the laboratory test showed an elevated albumin to creatinine ratio, and the diagnosis of proteinuria was reviewed. What is proteinuria? The kidney is like a filter. Due to the glomerular filtration membrane and renal tubules, the amount of protein in the urine of healthy people is very small. When there is an increase in the amount of protein in the urine, which can be measured by a urine protein test, it is called proteinuria. Albuminuria is indicated when the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of a random urine specimen is ≥3 mg/mmol or 30 mg/g. Proteinuria is an early and sensitive indicator of kidney damage, which means that the kidneys are “injured”. Proteinuria is also an “alarm” for increased risk of cardiovascular disease and should not be ignored. Cruel data tells us that more than half of type 2 diabetic patients die from cardiovascular disease, and the risk of cardiovascular disease such as myocardial infarction and stroke increases by 2-4 times in diabetic patients compared to people without diabetes, and proteinuria further increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients, i.e. “adding insult to injury “. The results of the large HOPE medical study showed that the risk of hospitalization increased to 3.7 times and the risk of death increased to 2.15 times in diabetic patients with microproteinuria compared to diabetic patients. The detection of proteinuria signals an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, so what can Lao Zhang do to reduce the risk and prevent cardiovascular disease? 1, adhere to a healthy lifestyle: diet, exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol restriction, psychological balance Keep your mouth shut: a balanced diet, maintain a reasonable weight, eat more coarse grains and foods rich in dietary fiber, such as buckwheat, oats, millet, broccoli, onions, etc., while controlling calories, lose weight or maintain the ideal weight. Patients with proteinuria are advised to have a low protein diet, and protein should be controlled at 0.6-0.8g per kg of body weight per day, with easily digestible fish and lean meat being preferred. Open your legs: moderate exercise, you can choose walking, brisk walking, tai chi, in order not to feel tired, avoid high-intensity exercise, but it is important to adhere to, exercise once a day, at least 30 minutes of continuous exercise, ensure exercise 5 days a week. If proteinuria is found, we must actively treat the primary disease, good control of blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipids, and standardized application of drug therapy is the basis, it is recommended to carry out standardized drug therapy in the relevant hospital. 3.Don’t forget to follow up regularly. Please follow up regularly with your doctor’s advice. In summary, proteinuria greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients, so once proteinuria is detected, be sure to go to the hospital to seek professional medical guidance.