Inflammatory demyelinating lesions is the description of the pathology. Inflammatory demyelinating lesions are primarily autoimmune related. Clinical symptoms can vary depending on the location of the lesion and the disease. If the lesion is in the brain, it is seen in multiple sclerosis, inflammatory pseudotumor, etc., which can present hemiparesis, sensory impairment, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, etc.; if the lesion is in the spinal cord, it is seen in acute transverse myelitis, optic neuromyelitis, etc., which can present sudden paraplegia, urinary or faecal disorders, and etc.; if the lesion is in the peripheral nerves, it is seen in Guillain-Barré syndrome, which can present numbness and weakness of the limbs. Inflammatory demyelination is a pathological change, according to the patient’s clinical symptoms and other relevant examinations to clarify the specific causes and diseases, and then targeted treatment.