The adult blood system includes the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and other organs, as well as the blood cells, mainly white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets, that are distributed throughout the body with the blood. Under normal conditions, the bone marrow produces sufficient white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets, each performing important physiological functions such as fighting infection, transporting oxygen and stopping bleeding. The normal value of leukocytes in venous blood is (4-10) × 109/L; the normal value of hematocrit in red blood cells is 120-160 g/L for men and 110-150 g/L for women; the normal value of platelets is (100-300) × 109/L. Patients with dry syndrome can show various manifestations of hematological damage such as leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia, etc. Most patients Most patients are mild and may not have any symptoms, but there are occasional cases of severe thrombocytopenia leading to bleeding. Therefore, patients with dry syndrome should be monitored regularly for timely detection of problems and timely treatment. Leukopenia The literature reports that 10-30% of patients with dry syndrome can develop leukopenia. Some studies show that the positive rate of anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies in primary dry syndrome patients with leukopenia, especially CD4+ T lymphocytes, is higher than that of patients with normal leukocytes, suggesting that the above antibodies may be related to leukopenia in dry syndrome, and the specific mechanism may be related to the binding of these autoantibodies to the surface of leukocytes, leading to the destruction of leukocytes. Anemia About one-fourth of patients with dry syndrome have chronic anemia, and it is mostly mild, and most of them have orthocytic orthochromic anemia. In addition to anemia caused by the disease itself, a few patients with dry syndrome may also combine autoimmune hemolytic anemia, reblind, pernicious anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., which are also causes of anemia. Thrombocytopenia It is reported at home and abroad that the combined thrombocytopenia in dry syndrome is about 6-13%, most of them are mild, but a few patients can have severe thrombocytopenia leading to bleeding manifestations. Some literature shows that patients with dry syndrome with thrombocytopenia are more likely to develop rash and have higher titers and positive rates of anti-SSB antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor antibodies compared with patients with normal platelets. The thrombocytopenia of patients is mainly related to the active production of a large number of anti-platelet antibodies by B cells. In addition, some patients with combined autoimmune cirrhosis with splenomegaly and hypersplenism can also show a depletion of platelets. Lymphoproliferative diseases Patients with dry syndrome need to be alerted to the possibility of lymphoma. Studies have reported that the rate of combined lymphoma in dry syndrome is higher than that in the general population. However, domestic observation shows that the incidence of combined lymphoma in patients with dry syndrome in China is lower than that in foreign countries. When patients show persistent enlargement of parotid gland, spleen, lymph nodes or pulmonary infiltration, and laboratory examination shows monoclonal immunoglobulin, cryoglobulin, new leukopenia and anemia or the original anti-SSA, anti-SSB and other specific antibodies turn negative, they must be alert to the appearance of lymphoma. For the treatment of hematological damage in dry syndrome, the first thing to consider in mild cases is symptomatic treatment, such as oral administration of ricegrine, leucovorin and amineptin. In severe cases, hormones and immunosuppressants should be given. For severe thrombocytopenia, hormone shock and high-dose immunoglobulin can be administered. Immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine are important to reduce the total hormone dosage and avoid relapse, but blood picture, liver and kidney function and other adverse drug reactions should be monitored regularly, and the treatment plan should be adjusted on an outpatient basis. Biological agents such as rituximab can be used as salvage therapy for severe thrombocytopenia. In conclusion, hematological system involvement is not uncommon in patients with dry syndrome, and regular monitoring in outpatient clinic is very important for early detection and early treatment.