Chronic rhinitis and sinusitis are inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity and sinuses with nasal obstruction, increased secretions, and headaches as the main manifestations. Because of their multiple correlations, they are also collectively referred to as chronic rhinosinusitis, which is one of the most common chronic diseases in the north. Usually, chronic rhinosinusitis lasts for more than 8 weeks at a time and occurs more than 4 times a year.
Chronic rhinosinusitis is difficult to treat because of its complex etiology, and the lack of standardized treatment and misconceptions about the disease often lead to unsatisfactory results.
The current standardized treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis is a treatment system consisting of antibiotic therapy, anti-metabolic therapy, surgery, immunotherapy, local nasal care, physiotherapy and other treatment methods. For individual patients, one or more treatment methods should be selected according to their conditions to develop a scientific treatment plan.
The treatment of acute rhinosinusitis, which is mainly an infection, is mainly antibiotics with glucocorticoids, decongestants, mucus promoters and nasal irrigation. Care should be taken in the use of antibiotics to select safe and sensitive drugs, and the course of treatment should be adequate to combat bacterial resistance and the protective effect of the superbacterial film.
The treatment of non-infectious and chronic rhinosinusitis with mainly allergic reactions (also called allergic reactions) is mainly based on the use of anti-allergic drugs, together with immunotherapy and other therapies. Among them, intranasal hormone has been commonly used as the main drug for the treatment of this type of rhinosinusitis at home and abroad because of its good anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects and low side effects, and it can be safely used continuously for more than 3-6 months under the guidance of doctors.
As for surgery, it is not the main or preferred method of treating chronic rhinosinusitis. Surgery itself does not remove the inflammation, but creates favorable conditions for the inflammation to subside, and the content of surgery is mainly to correct the abnormal structures affecting the nasal cavity and sinus ventilation and drainage, remove the irreversible lesions, and remove the pathogenic microorganisms and their metabolites from the sinus cavity. .
The surgery is usually performed under the nasal endoscope, and the normal structures are not destroyed and the restorable mucosa and its functions are preserved as much as possible, so as to strive for the ideal treatment effect with less trauma.
Nasal saline or hypertonic saline rinsing is recommended as a safe, simple and effective adjunctive treatment method in the treatment process. It has multiple effects such as removing nasal secretions, improving ventilation, and protecting mucous membranes, and is especially suitable for children, the elderly, and pregnant women. For milder nasal diseases, saline or hypertonic saline nasal rinses alone can be used for therapeutic purposes.
In addition, some details of treatment should not be ignored. For example, the correct use of decongestants and the order of topical nasal medication. It is worth noting that a CT scan of the nasal-sinus cavity during treatment is useful to understand the structure of the nasal cavity, sinus cavity, sinus secretions and sinus wall, and thus to make a correct diagnosis of the disease.
In order to prevent or prevent the recurrence of rhinosinusitis, we should also pay attention to active physical exercise to enhance the body’s ability to resist disease; pay attention to protection from cold, allergens and other adverse external factors such as stimulation. As long as we have the right attitude, scientific understanding of the disease, and actively cooperate with the regular treatment, we will be able to overcome the disease.