1, persistent or recurrent radicular pain; 2, patients with lumbar disc herniation of central, paracentral, posterolateral, and extreme posterolateral types and some patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis; 3, patients with discogenic low back pain that is ineffective after strict conservative treatment (lumbar disc herniation that is ineffective with conservative treatment for more than 3 months or more than 3 relapses, especially if the symptoms are aggravated by the relapses). However, if progressive aggravation of neurological symptoms occurs during conservative treatment, immediate surgery is required; 4. Positive straight leg raising test with difficulty in bending; 5. Patients with I degree lumbar vertebral body slippage; 6. Patients with cervical intervertebral disc herniation; the above patients do not have a history of drug abuse and psychological diseases, especially without mental depression.