Hyperglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels are higher than the normal range. Hyperglycemia is also one of the “three highs” that people usually refer to. The other two “highs” are hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The normal value of fasting blood sugar is below 6.1mmol/L, and the normal value of blood sugar two hours after meal is below 7.8mmol/L. If it is higher than this range, it is called hyperglycemia. What are the hazards of hyperglycemia? 1, leading to dehydration and hypertonicity of the body Hyperglycemia causes a large amount of glucose excretion with urine, causing osmotic diuresis, leading to dehydration of the body, dehydration makes the extracellular fluid osmotic pressure increase, water transfer from intracellular to extracellular causing intracellular water loss, brain cell water loss can cause brain function disorder until coma, clinically called “hypertonic coma This is clinically called “hypertonic coma”. 2, leading to electrolyte disorders and acidosis When hyperglycemia, the patient’s urine volume increases significantly and takes away a large amount of electrolytes from the urine, leading to electrolyte disorders. As hyperglycemic patients have impaired utilization of sugar, they turn to generate energy by decomposing fat, along with fat decomposition, ketone body production increases, leading to diabetic ketoacidosis. 3, leading to islet failure Long-term hyperglycemia has a “toxic effect” on islet ß cells, leading to islet failure, less insulin secretion, and progressive deterioration of the disease. 4. Causes wasting, weakness, and lower resistance Under high blood sugar, glucose is not well absorbed and used by the body but is lost in large quantities in the urine, and the body provides energy by decomposing fat and protein, resulting in general wasting, weakness, and lower immunity of the body. 5, leading to a variety of vascular and neurological chronic complications Diabetic patients with long-term hyperglycemia will damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to the occurrence and development of chronic complications such as cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot necrosis.