Hemolysis is caused by the destruction of red blood cells, resulting in hemoglobin spillage in the body, and can occur as a result of bacterial and viral infections, antigenic and antibody reactions, and certain mechanical injuries. The mother’s blood type is not compatible with the baby, especially the mother’s blood type O is often prone to hemolysis symptoms in the first child. If the jaundice of the child continues to increase, bilirubin encephalopathy may develop, so the child should be treated with blue light and, if necessary, with blood exchange. Because of intrauterine infection or other infectious diseases that cause red blood cell destruction, we then give appropriate blue light treatment and promote bilirubin metabolism at the same time, we also need to give anti-inflammatory and antiviral drugs, timely symptomatic treatment can only be effective. As long as bilirubin encephalopathy is not formed, the child with hemolytic symptoms has a high chance of recovery and is not prone to serious comorbidities if we give active symptomatic treatment. When the blue light is administered, the child’s eyes and genitals should be wrapped together to prevent damage to these two areas. If the bilirubin level continues to increase during blue light treatment, a blood exchange is necessary.