May 25 this year is the ninth National Skin Care Day, and this year’s theme is “healthy skin care and rational use of skin care products”. In order to do a good job in promoting the theme of National Skin Care Day, the Dermatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor’s Association released the “Skin Care Products Dermatology Application Guide” and the “Moisturizing Medical Skin Care Products in Dermatology Application Guide” in Beijing. 1.What is the skin barrier? The outermost layer of the skin is called the stratum corneum, which is composed of 20 layers of flat, interwoven keratinocytes. The keratinocytes are as tough as “bricks”, with lipids like “mortar” connecting the keratinocytes closely to each other, forming a “brick wall structure”, and a layer of There is also a protective film (hydrolipidic film) composed of sweat and sebum on its surface, which together form the barrier of the skin. The skin barrier can lock the skin moisture and oil, and resist the invasion of various skin surface germs, playing a very important protective role for human health. 2.Dermatological diseases and skin barrier There are many different skin diseases, and many of them tend to recur, but it is difficult to find the specific cause. The common skin redness, itchiness, dryness and other “skin allergy” performance, it is difficult to find the specific “allergens”. However, these skin diseases have a common cause: “damaged skin barrier”, that is, the skin surface loses its normal protective function and there is a loss of skin moisture, resulting in dry, flaky or itchy skin; at the same time, the germs on the skin surface can easily enter the skin through the damaged skin barrier, which further This can lead to inflammatory skin reactions. Therefore, damaged skin barrier is not only a manifestation of many skin diseases, but also an important reason why skin diseases are prone to recurrence. In the treatment of skin diseases, doctors not only use drugs, but also skin care products that can repair the skin barrier function, that is, moisturizing skin care products to replenish the “water-lipid film” on the surface of the skin and the “mortar” between the cells, so as to strengthen the “water-lipid film” on the surface of the skin. In other words, moisturizing skin care products should be used to strengthen the “brick wall structure” of the skin surface. Moisturizing skin care products to repair the skin barrier should have the following three basic ingredients: ① Moisture-absorbing ingredients, including glycerin, urea, etc., which can absorb water from the environment and replenish the water lost from the stratum corneum. ②Sealing agent raw materials, such as petroleum jelly, avocado oil, etc., can form a thin hydrophobic oil film on the skin surface, which has the effect of reinforcing the skin barrier. ③Add the same or similar “bionic” raw materials as epidermis and dermis, which can repair the skin barrier, such as natural moisturizing factor, cymbopogon oil, ceramide, hyaluronic acid, etc. 4.What are medical skin care products? The skin care products used by doctors to assist in the treatment of skin diseases can be referred to as “medical skin care products”, which, compared with ordinary skin care products, require the following three characteristics: (1) higher safety: more than ordinary skin care products emphasize the simplicity of the formula, strict screening of raw materials, no or as little as possible to contain substances that can easily damage the skin or cause skin allergies, such as pigments, fragrances, preservatives, irritants, Fragrances, preservatives, irritating surfactants, etc., and clinical safety assessment of raw materials as far as possible. (2) Clear efficacy: the main product ingredients of moisturizing and skin barrier repair skin care products have clear mechanisms of action and have been confirmed by scientific experimental research. (3) Clinical validation in multiple hospitals: Clinical studies conducted by the dermatology departments of multiple hospitals before marketing to verify the clinical efficacy and safety of skin care products for the adjunctive treatment of certain skin diseases. As can be seen from the above 3 features, medical skin care products themselves do not have any toxic side effects on the skin and can be used for a long time as appropriate to reduce or mitigate recurrent skin diseases. 5.Which common skin diseases need to use skin barrier repair In the treatment of different skin diseases, medical skin care products are used in different ways. Some skin diseases can be relieved by using moisturizing skin care products alone, while some skin diseases must be treated with moisturizing skin care products on the basis of medication. (1) Eczema, atopic dermatitis Eczema or atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic recurring skin diseases, which manifests itself as swelling, erosion and exudation in the acute phase and dryness and flaking in the chronic phase. Therefore moisturizing skin care products are the basis of treatment for the chronic phase of these disorders (skin care products are not recommended during the acute vesicular and exudative phase). For patients in the mild chronic stage, moisturizing skin care products alone may alleviate the condition, but for patients who are persistent or with significant skin lesions, moisturizing skin care should be used in conjunction with drug therapy. After the lesions are controlled, you can consider stopping the medication and continue using moisturizing skin care products to reduce the recurrence of such dermatitis. For patients with atopic dermatitis, even normal-looking skin is dry, so they also need to use moisturizing skin care products to reduce their flare-ups. (2) Psoriasis Psoriasis is a chronic disease that manifests itself as repeated large flakes at the skin lesions, often easily aggravated in the dry winter climate. The basic treatment of psoriasis is moisturizing and skin care, while using corresponding topical drugs or ultraviolet light therapy, and if necessary, using systemic oral or injectable drugs. However, the oral medication of the disease, such as Avion or phototherapy, can aggravate the dryness of the skin, therefore, it is more necessary to cooperate with moisturizing and skin care at this time. (3) Erythroderma Erythroderma is a serious skin disorder that manifests as redness, swelling and flaking of the skin all over the body. This kind of dermatitis makes the patient extremely uncomfortable and may cause bacteria on the surface of the skin to enter the human bloodstream through the damaged skin barrier and secondary bacterial infections throughout the body. Therefore, moisturizing skin care is very important. When the lesions are dry and flaky, it is advisable to use oily petroleum jelly ointment or boric acid ointment for external application, and when erythrodermatitis manifests itself as fine bran-like scales, it is advisable to use moisturizing skin care products of cream type with better comfort. (4) dry skin pruritus The disease occurs in autumn and winter, especially in middle-aged and elderly people with reduced sebaceous gland function, more likely to appear dry or pruritic clinical symptoms. The use of moisturizing skin care products alone can usually significantly reduce the symptoms, but long-term use is required, along with oral antihistamines if necessary, and do not over-clean the skin. (5) Congenital ichthyosis Due to genetic abnormalities, patients with ichthyosis have different degrees of dry skin. Mild ichthyosis can be relieved by using moisturizing skin care products alone, while more severe patients can use topical Vaseline ointment or boric acid ointment with sealing effect during the day, and then use cream-based moisturizing skin care products with better comfort at night. (6) Keratosis pilaris Patients with keratosis pilaris suffer from genetic abnormalities that make the skin around the hair follicles rough and dry. For mild cases of periorbital keratosis, moisturizing skin care products can be used alone to relieve the symptoms, and for those with obvious symptoms, topical medications or fruit acid peeling treatment can be used on top of moisturizing skin care. (7) Exfoliative keratolytic disease is a chronic recurrent skin disease that occurs on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, manifesting as dry, flaky skin without obvious itching symptoms, but the cause of the disease is not clear. Long-term topical moisturizing skin care products are the main treatment for this disease, and for more severe cases, short-term topical hormone creams can be used. (8) Facial seborrheic dermatitis Facial seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis that occurs in areas rich in sebaceous glands. The skin is dry and flaky due to the obvious impairment of skin barrier function at the lesions, and it is prone to recurrence. Mild patients are effective with moisturizing skin care products alone; for recalcitrant patients, short-term topical medications are used on top of moisturizing skin care. For seborrheic dermatitis with significant oiliness in the nasolabial folds or nasal bridge can be combined with the use of oil-control skin care products. (9) Rosacea Rosacea is a chronic dermatitis that occurs mainly in the central part of the face, such as the cheeks, forehead, perioral area or nose, mainly manifested as paroxysmal flushing in the central part of the face, and the flushing is aggravated by sun exposure, emotional excitement or temperature rise, and can appear facial vascular hyperplasia and red papules, pustules, and a few patients may have a red or hypertrophic nose (so this disease can also be called “rosacea”). Clinically, the vast majority of patients occurring on the cheeks and around the mouth are accompanied by dryness and flaking due to varying degrees of impaired skin barrier function, so it is important to moisturize and skincare while taking oral medications. However, patients whose skin occurs on the nose often show oily skin, so it is appropriate to use oil-control skin care products. (10) Hormone-dependent dermatitis Hormone-dependent dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis in which the skin barrier is severely broken due to long-term topical use of hormone drugs or topical use of hormone-containing skin care products, and moisturizing skin care is the key to treatment. However, after stopping the use of hormones for about 3 days, there will be a rebound of symptoms (i.e. manifested as unpleasant dryness, itching, burning and other symptoms aggravated), and it is necessary to insist on using moisturizing skin care products. Generally, after 2 weeks of treatment, the symptoms begin to gradually improve, and then continue to use moisturizing skin care products for 4-8 weeks to make the symptoms continue to subside. (11) Chronic actinic dermatitis Chronic actinic dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis that occurs in exposed areas of the middle-aged and elderly, such as the face and neck, the back of the hands, and is characterized by aggravation after sun exposure. This dermatitis is often accompanied by dryness, flaking symptoms, in oral and topical medication at the same time, the need for external moisturizing skin care products. (12) white furuncle Prevalent in children, the disease has self-limiting, should not be excessive drug treatment. Topical moisturizing skin care products are preferred, and short-term topical medication is needed when necessary. (13) Exfoliative labyrinthitis and perioral dermatitis Exfoliative labyrinthitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory conditions, manifested by repeated flaking and thickening of the lip mucosa. Perioral dermatitis occurs on the upper lip, jaw, and nasolabial region and also manifests as redness, dryness, and flaking. These two types of dermatitis may achieve good clinical results with moisturizing skin care products alone. For recalcitrant patients, drugs can be used topically for a short period of time and then discontinued when the lesions improve, but long-term moisturizing skin care products are needed to reduce the recurrence of such dermatitis. (14) Sensitive skin Clinical manifestations such as tingling, burning, dryness and redness of the facial skin due to impaired skin barrier function, but not due to a specific skin disorder, this phenomenon is medically called “sensitive skin”, and the common causes are as follows: a. A subhealthy state of the facial skin: often due to climate, dryness, environmental pollution, poor skin care habits, and the use of moisturizers. Dryness, environmental pollution, poor skin care habits or patients with neurological disorders and induced. b, drug treatment of skin diseases: such as acne or psoriasis oral retinoid drugs, one of the side effects of such drugs is to cause temporary impairment of skin barrier function, that is, to cause dryness and flaking of the skin or mucous membrane of the mouth and lips. c. Minimally invasive treatment of skin diseases: such as modern laser or fruit acid peeling treatment Although it has brought breakthroughs in dermatology and skin beauty, this treatment has a temporary damage effect on the skin barrier function, and should be used mainly for sensitive skin, mainly using moisturizing skin care products. (15) Other skin diseases with dry skin But all other skin diseases with dry skin such as neurodermatitis, pityriasis rosea, pigmented purpuric dermatitis, skin amyloidosis, etc. can be treated with moisturizing skin care products to assist. 6.Using method and instructions Face: you should consider using mild and non-stimulating cleanser, and use moisturizer after cleansing, and then use medical moisturizing skin care products, and also use sun protection appliances when going out, and apply mild and non-stimulating sunscreen externally, but in the acute stage of dermatitis, sunscreen needs to be used with caution. Torso and extremities: clean with water or mild non-irritating body wash only and then apply medical moisturizing skin care products. If you need to use topical medication, you can apply moisturizing skin care products to increase the hydration level of the skin first, and then apply medication after 30 minutes or so. Types of moisturizing skin care products: commonly used as creams, can also be gels, water or masks, etc. How to choose the type in clinical practice should be based on the symptoms of the skin to make a decision. Medical skin care products are not drugs and are generally not sold in pharmacies within hospitals (except for moisturizers with device approvals), but are purchased in pharmacies, supermarkets or shopping malls.