Gynecomastia manifests as female-like development and hypertrophy of one or both breasts, sometimes with lactic-like discharge, mostly beginning in adolescence (2-17 years old) or old age (50-70 years old). Etiology (a) primary gynecomastia 1, idiopathic gynecomastia: childhood 6-8 years old boys, can subside on their own. 2, adolescent male breast enlargement: mostly adolescent males (12-17 years old), bilateral in about 3/4 of cases, a few patients with distension or pressure pain, often self-receding within 1-2 years, occasionally persistent. 3. Geriatric breast hypertrophy: mostly seen in 50-70 years old, one side – both sides, often fading on its own within a year, with a few remaining nodules developing into breast cancer. (B) Secondary gynecomastia 1. Hypogonadism caused by gynecomastia. 2. Gynecomastia caused by systemic diseases: recovery from migratory diseases, hemodialysis treatment, impaired liver function, hyperthyroidism, etc. 3. Tumor gynecomastia: feminized adrenal tumors, testicular interstitial cell tumors, etc. 4, pharmacological gynecomastia: clinical certain diseases (such as prostate hypertrophy, etc.) long-term use of estrogen (such as hexestrol). Treatment 1, etiological treatment: treatment of the original disease; stop exogenous drugs. 2.Medication: application of triamcinolone (3 months of treatment), methandrostenolone, etc. can generally make some patients’ pain relieved and lumps disappear. 3.Surgical treatment: (1) Traditional surgery: curved or radial incision on the chest wall, with long scars affecting the beauty. (2) Cosmetic surgery: auxiliary liposuction + glandular excision. 2.0mm anterior axillary line + semi-annular incision at the lower edge of the areola, with inconspicuous scars.