Complications are very common and normal for the disease. When complications occur, the burden on the patient’s body is increased. This is also true for neurological diseases such as stroke, and it is best to pay more attention to them. Here are some of the common complications of stroke. 1. Brain herniation
Most patients with cerebrovascular disease die in the acute stage, and most of the causes are due to massive bleeding, displacement or destruction of the midline brain structures, whole brain edema, formation of brain herniation, so that the brain stem is squeezed and displaced, endangering the life center. Domestic reports show that 44.8% to 50.1% of deaths from cerebral hemorrhage combined with brain herniation, so timely and effective reduction of intracranial pressure, reduction of cerebral edema and prevention of brain herniation formation are key measures for the success or failure of treatment. When the patient has the following conditions: ① severe headache or extreme irritability; ② frequent vomiting or convulsions; ③ slower whistling and heart rate, higher blood pressure; ④ gradually worsening of impaired consciousness; ⑤ unequal pupils bilaterally, it indicates a significant increase of intracranial pressure and possible brain herniation formation, which should be treated by active dehydration or surgery. 2.Brain-heart syndrome When the brain hemorrhage lesion affects the lower thalamus, the higher center of the vegetative nerve, resulting in neurohumoral disorders, it also often causes functional or organic changes in the heart and brain, which is called brain-heart syndrome. The brain-heart syndrome often appears in two forms: one is brain-heart stroke, which starts with brain hemorrhage and is followed by cardiovascular disease. The second is a simultaneous brain-heart stroke, in which brain hemorrhage and cardiovascular disease occur at or near the same time. However, because the symptoms mask each other, it is often easy to misdiagnose and affect the treatment. Therefore, during the resuscitation process, it is important to pay close attention to the patient’s medical history and to observe carefully whether there is cardiac insufficiency. If there are abnormalities such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, cyanosis, wet rales at the bottom of the lungs, low heart sounds and tachycardia, an electrocardiogram should be performed in a timely manner. Once there is heart rhythm disturbance and ECG change, it should be treated as organic heart disease while treating cerebral hemorrhage. 3. Bladder and rectal dysfunction
Patients with mild cerebral hemorrhage often have temporary “postural urinary retention” and dry stools because they are not used to defecating in the prone position. In severe cases, when the lesion affects the hemispheric motor centers, frequent urination and increased bladder pressure often occur. If the third ventricle is stimulated, increased rectal motility often occurs, leading to a high degree of defecation hyperactivity, with patients having frequent bowel movements but smaller volumes per bowel movement. If the gray nodes are damaged, involuntary bowel movements may occur. If the whole brain is damaged, patients in deep coma often have diarrheal incontinence or urinary retention. 4. Renal failure and electrolyte disorders Patients with cerebral hemorrhage cannot respond to subjective sensations due to coma or aphasia, which is coupled with complex symptoms and more treatment conflicts; they also often suffer from frequent vomiting, fever, sweating, application of dehydrating agents and insufficient rehydration resulting in water loss, electrolyte disorders and renal failure. Sometimes acidosis is caused by hypoxia, starvation, abnormal whistling, etc., or alkalosis occurs occasionally. However, the above-mentioned diseases are often overlooked in the case of coma or co-infection, which makes the disease aggravated, so we should pay attention to observation. When it is found that the deepening of whistling is accelerated, tachycardia, increased impairment of consciousness, decreased blood pressure, decreased or no urine, edema or dehydration of the limbs and face, etc., we should carefully search for the cause of the disease, and promptly perform tests such as carbon dioxide binding capacity, non-protein nitrogen, blood gas analysis and quantitative determination of electrolytes, etc., and deal with abnormalities promptly when they are found. 5. Central thermoregulation disorder When cerebral hemorrhage affects the subthalamic and anterior parts of the brain, the heat dissipation mechanism is destroyed, which can cause persistent hyperthermia, and the body temperature often reaches over 40℃, and can be accompanied by no sweating, cold limbs, tachycardia, increased whistling and other symptoms. However, white blood cells generally do not increase, compound aminopyrine, aspirin also can not make it drop, sometimes with barbiturate plus ice pillow cooling effective, if not timely treatment, a few hours can die. 6, bedsores Cerebrovascular patients are often bedridden for a long time because of hemiplegia, plus some patients are fat, it is not easy to turn over and care, sacro-caudal, internal and external ankle, heel, hip and other bone protrusion, often due to long-term pressure, blood circulation disorders, resulting in local malnutrition, bedsores. I believe that we all know about the common complications of stroke disease. Many people are afraid to face the occurrence of stroke disease because its existence disrupts the rhythm and order of our lives. What we all need to do in life is to reduce the incidence of this disease so that we can be healthy and well.