Pediatric anorectal diseases should attract a high degree of attention from parents, otherwise it is likely to affect the healthy growth of children Oh ~ what exactly are the common anorectal diseases in children? 1, rectal polyps Rectal polyps are the most common disease in pediatric anorectology, which can account for about 30%. The reasons for its formation may be related to genetic factors, inflammation (such as dysentery), mechanical chronic irritation (constipation, rough stool), viruses and so on. The polyp is usually shaped like a small grape with a tip, with a color ranging from light red, dark red to purple, with a surface like the thorns of mulberry or prune, single or multiple, near or far from the anal opening, and sometimes brought out of the anus due to defecation. The blood in the stool caused by these polyps is usually bright red in color and adheres to the surface of the stool without mixing with each other, and it is rare to see a simple bloody stool without fecal matter. On closer inspection, groove-like indentation can be seen on the stool, which is caused by the passage of stool through the polyp. Children usually do not have abdominal pain, urgency, etc. Long-term small amount of bleeding can cause pediatric anemia, polyps may also cause intestinal peristaltic disorder induced intussusception. 2, anal fissure Mostly caused by dry stool, often occurring in the back of the anal canal, the anal canal can be seen with a slight separation of hands, anal fissure bleeding small amount, bright red, attached to the surface of the stool or visible on the handwritten paper; severe pain during defecation, so children cry, reluctant to defecate, and make the child’s stool more dry, resulting in anal fissures do not heal for a long time. 3, anal itching A common disease of anal itching in children is pinworm disease. Anal itching often occurs at night and affects sleep. Parents can check the skin folds around the anus 2-3 hours after the child goes to sleep and can find white thread-like adult worms. 4, perianal abscesses Children, especially newborns, infants and young children with delicate skin, easily caused by urine and feces impregnation, friction of coarse, hard and unclean diapers, rough toilet paper injury, etc., resulting in the invasion of purulent bacteria caused by perianal abscesses, if not treated in a timely manner can be septic ulceration and pus formation of anal fistula. 5, prolapse infants and young children’s rectum and anal canal up and down in a straight line, and the surrounding tissue is relatively loose, the muscle is weak (especially malnutrition or digestive disease children), around 2 years old began to sit on the potty defecation, at this time the bottom of the perineum by the abdominal pressure to large, such as constipation need to exclude gas, prolong the potty time, or frequent diarrhea, or coughing, encopresis, urethral bladder stones and other conditions that increase abdominal pressure The prolapse can be easily caused by coughing, cystocele, urinary bladder stone, etc. Initially, prolapse only occurs when using force to defecate, and it can be retracted automatically after defecation, later it may need to be sent back by hand, and it can also occur when not defecating (such as crying). If it is not returned for a long time, edema, oozing, and ulceration may occur, causing swelling, pain, urgency, and flow of pus and mucus. The vast majority of children with prolapse can heal themselves by age 5.