1. Carefully inquire into the medical history The elderly often suffer from multiple diseases and their medical history is often unclear, so the dentist should understand the health condition and past medical history of the elderly from the patient’s family, summarize and organize the medical history stated by the patient, and make a preliminary assessment of the patient’s health condition as a reference and necessary preparation before tooth extraction. 2. Focused physical examination Geriatric diseases are mostly chronic diseases with insidious onset. The development is slow. Older people often have multiple diseases existing at the same time and the diseases affect each other. For elderly people who have only found one disease in the past, it is also necessary to actively look for other abnormalities. 3. Make appropriate treatment for systemic diseases For elderly patients with systemic diseases, they should be treated by doctors of relevant departments before tooth extraction to control the diseases within the range of extractable teeth. The function of all organs of the elderly has declined, the stress capacity is poor and the resistance to infection is low, so tooth extraction may lead to aggravation of the original disease and infection, and corresponding prevention must be done. Before tooth extraction surgery, some necessary tests should be done 1. ECG can provide first-hand information about the heart condition. It is important to understand the patient’s heart rate, blood supply to the heart muscle and the presence of arrhythmia. According to the results of the examination, combined with the patient’s medical history, the heart function can be evaluated to determine whether it is suitable for tooth extraction surgery. 2.Laboratory examination General blood routine and coagulation test can be performed first to understand whether the patient has anemia, abnormal blood clotting mechanism and other blood diseases. 3. Endocrine examination For elderly patients with history of diabetes and thyroid disease, blood sugar and thyroid function should be rechecked before tooth extraction. And give drugs to control diabetes and thyroid disease before and after tooth extraction, and give antibiotics to prevent infection. 4. Blood pressure measurement Elderly people have a high prevalence of hypertension, so blood pressure should be measured before tooth extraction, and the blood pressure value can be extracted if it does not exceed 160/95 mmHg. Patients with tooth extraction should also be explained patiently before the operation, and appropriate sedative drugs should be given if necessary to prevent the patient’s blood pressure from rising due to mental tension during tooth extraction. The occurrence of hypotension should also be prevented. In addition, for elderly patients suffering from other chronic diseases, targeted checkups should be conducted before tooth extraction, such as those with chronic liver and kidney diseases, liver and kidney functions should be checked to ensure that tooth extraction surgery is performed in a relatively safe manner. Precautions after tooth extraction 1. Stop bleeding The gauze or cotton ball on the wound after tooth extraction should be bitten for about half an hour to one hour before spitting out, and a small amount of blood in the saliva within 24 hours is normal. 2. Rest After tooth extraction, it is advisable to rest in a semi-recumbent position, not lying flat, and not taking a hot bath immediately to avoid bleeding from the incision. Adequate sleep should be guaranteed after tooth extraction. 3. Attention to diet You can eat and drink only 2 hours after tooth extraction. When you start to eat, you can eat liquid or semi-liquid food and do not eat hard and hot food. 4. Attention to life On the day of tooth extraction, you should talk less, do not spit or spit hard, do not brush your teeth, do not rinse your mouth repeatedly, and should not make strenuous exercise. Do not lick the wound with your tongue, and do not suck the wound. 5. Prevent infection Take some anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs after tooth extraction to prevent infection.