The dietary principles for diabetic patients are: to achieve nutritional balance within the prescribed calorie range. Specifically, it is to control the total calories, reasonable meal preparation, scientific arrangement of meals, more food containing dietary fiber, light taste, fruits at the right time and in the right amount, less alcohol and no smoking, etc. A. Chew and swallow slowly Chew and swallow slowly, that is, require diabetic patients in the process of eating do not chew and swallow. Because, the digestion of food, chewing is the first process, only the first process is done well, food can be more easily digested and absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. First, chewing and swallowing will increase the burden on the stomach, pancreas and other organs, which may lead to some diseases in the long run. Secondly, diabetic patients are limited in the amount of food they can eat, which requires them to fully absorb and utilize the nutrients contained in the food they consume. There is experimental evidence that those who chew coarsely absorb 13% less protein, 12% less fat and 43% less fiber than those who chew carefully. Second, try to eat warm food diabetic diet temperature should be moderate, too hot or too cold diet will cause adverse reactions. Chinese medicine believes that: one of the characteristics of the spleen and stomach is like warm and fear of cold, often eat cold food on the spleen and stomach function will cause some damage. In addition, the idea that it is better to be warm than cold has been recorded in China’s medical masterpiece “Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine”: “diet, heat is not burning, cold is not cang, cold and warm in the appropriate, so the gas will hold, is not to evil seclusion.” Its meaning: where the diet, hot food must not be too high temperature, cold diet is not too low temperature, if often consume food at the right temperature, then, human health will not be damaged, the disease will not take advantage of the evil. Third, the diet should be light “clear” is less oil, “light” is not sweet and salty, that is, avoid fatty, sweet and thick products, do not eat sugary food, of course, does not contain sugar sweetener is not included. When blood sugar control is good, diabetic patients can eat fruit, but to choose less sweet fruit is appropriate, and it is best not to eat before and after the main meal, so as not to increase the amount of a meal and make blood sugar rise. If you can check your urine sugar after eating the fruit, it will be more reassuring. In order to prevent the rise of blood pressure, diabetic patients should not taste too heavy. Fourth, recipe diversification Adjust the type and quantity of food intake. The food exchange method provides the possibility for diabetic patients to choose a variety of recipes for themselves. Food glycemic index can help diabetic patients to choose low glycemic index food. As long as the prescribed calories are mastered, diabetic patients can eat the same foods as healthy people, and there is no need to excessively restrict the intake of sugar. V. Controlling total calories is fundamental The heat energy produced by the sugar, fat and protein in food after metabolism in the body is the main source of heat energy for the body. The total caloric energy intake of diabetic patients is appropriate to maintain the standard body weight. On the basis of reasonable control of caloric energy, appropriately increasing the intake of sugars has a certain effect on improving insulin sensitivity and improving glucose tolerance. Such total calories include not only staple foods but also side dishes, cooking oil and snacks, because these foods are also converted into blood sugar and blood lipids in the body. The daily amount of staple food should not exceed 400 grams, but not the less the better, generally in 200 to 400 grams is more appropriate. Six, away from alcohol Diabetic patients should not dabble in alcohol. Because the calories of alcohol are significantly higher than carbohydrates. Alcohol containing high concentrations of alcohol does not contain other nutrients, long-term alcohol abuse will lead to malnutrition and affect liver function. Alcohol also has an interfering effect on certain glucose-lowering, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, making them less effective. In addition, alcohol cannot be metabolized into glucose and inhibits glycogen isogenesis. Therefore, patients who inject insulin or take oral hypoglycemic drugs are prone to hypoglycemia when drinking alcohol on an empty stomach. It is important to be alert to the fact that the symptoms of hypoglycemia are often masked and not easily distinguished from intoxication, which can easily lead to severe and persistent hypoglycemia.