Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is an episodic severe pain confined to the posterior tongue and pharynx, the distribution area of the Eustachian branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve or vagus nerve, that can radiate to the external ear. The initial treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia is medication, and when medication is ineffective or accompanied by serious complications, surgery should be actively used. 1.Drugs: Any drug used to treat primary trigeminal neuralgia can also be applied to linguopharyngeal neuralgia. Commonly used drugs include carbamazepine, phenytoinamide, heptaerythrone and baclofen, etc. 2.Chinese medicine: Chinese medicine, acupuncture, etc. 3.Nerve block: The method is radiofrequency treatment by percutaneous puncture of jugular foramen, which is suitable for: (1) those who are ineffective in drug treatment or cannot tolerate drug adverse reactions; (2) those who are old or in poor general condition and cannot tolerate craniotomy; (3) cases of combined multiple sclerosis. The main problems of this treatment are the high recurrence rate of pain (23%-54%) and the difficulty of swallowing, choking and hoarseness caused by nerve damage. 4.Surgery: Microvascular decompression is currently the safest and most effective surgical treatment method, with a cure rate of 99%. The surgical treatment is suitable for: (1) those who fail in drug or percutaneous puncture treatment; (2) those who are in good general condition, without serious organic lesions, and can tolerate surgery; (3) those who exclude multiple sclerosis or pontocerebellar horn tumors and other lesions. Most patients’ pain disappears after surgery, and 99% of patients can be cured.