The prognosis of COPD is closely related to the severity of the patient’s chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), early or late detection, grading and staging, and whether or not the patient is treated, with an overall poor prognosis. The pathologic changes of COPD are long-term and irreversible, which pathologically determines the poor prognosis of COPD, and in the distant stage of the disease, chronic respiratory failure, spontaneous pneumothorax, or chronic pulmonary heart disease can occur, which poses a threat to the patient’s life and health. However, active and effective treatment measures can slow down the progression of the disease, improve the quality of life of patients, and prolong the survival time of patients. The goal of clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is to control symptoms in the acute phase and to improve the quality of life, reduce the frequency of exacerbations and slow down the emergence of complications in the stabilization phase.