The reference value of plasma insulin is 21.73~143.85 pmol/ml for 1 hour and 9.93~124.9 pmol/ml for 2 hours. However, the results may fluctuate slightly in different regions, hospitals and instruments, so it is recommended that local hospitals take precedence.
Insulin is a protein hormone secreted by pancreatic β-cells and is the only hormone in the body that can lower blood sugar. Normal fasting plasma insulin is 35~145 pmol/ml, after taking 75g of anhydrous glucose orally, it will rise to the peak in 30~60 minutes, and the peak value is 5~10 times of the basal value, and return to the normal level after 3~4 hours.
This test can reflect the basal and glucose-mediated insulin release function. If the plasma insulin result exceeds the normal value, the patient may suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic islet cell tumor; if the value is lower than normal, it suggests that the pancreatic islets are not functioning well and the patient may suffer from type 1 diabetes mellitus.
It is recommended that patients with abnormal plasma insulin results consult a specialist in time and follow the doctor’s instructions to check the glucose tolerance test and other tests to clarify the cause of the disease and then treat the symptoms.