Blood matching, i.e., blood type matching, is also known as cross-matching, which is carried out by the blood transfusion department when transfusing blood to patients in the clinic, with the main purpose of preventing rejection of patients in the process of allogeneic blood transfusion.
Different human blood contains different antigens and antibodies, and when unmatched blood is imported into the patient’s body during allogeneic transfusion, hemolysis will occur due to antigen-antibody reaction, which will jeopardize the patient’s life safety.
Cross-matching is a two-part process that involves not only transfusion of red blood cells of the same blood type, but also cross-matching again after the blood types are the same. The human blood group system is very complex, there are dozens of other blood group systems in addition to the ABO blood group system and the Rh blood group system, so cross-matching is required to confirm that the blood of the donor and the transfusion recipient will not undergo a hemolytic reaction before it can be used in the clinic.