1, what is the cause of vitiligo?
The incidence of vitiligo is about 1% to 4%, no gender differences, can occur in any part of the body surface, its exact cause is not clear, but with genetics, autoimmune defects, neuroendocrine disorders, melanocyte self-destruction and biochemical abnormalities have a close relationship.
2.What kind of performance does vitiligo have?
A: Vitiligo is a complete loss of pigment, porcelain white spots, white spots of different sizes and shapes, clear boundaries, increased pigmentation at the edges, no self-perceived symptoms, can occur in any part.
3, how to confirm the diagnosis of vitiligo?
The majority of vitiligo can be diagnosed through the clinical experience of dermatologists, and for some vitiligo with atypical performance can be diagnosed through Wooden lamp, dermoscopy, skin pathology and other ways to assist.
4, vitiligo patients have what misconceptions?
1) Vitiligo patients will definitely inherit this disease to the next generation? —– is not right!
2) Vitiligo will be infectious to family members? —– is not right!
3) Vitiligo cannot be cured? —- is not right
4) Vitiligo has a quick cure treatment? —Not true
5) What is the best treatment for vitiligo?
Vitiligo currently does not have a special eradication method for all different types of vitiligo, but with the development of modern medicine, many advanced vitiligo treatment methods are constantly appearing, and the commonly used vitiligo treatment methods include topical immunomodulator tacrolimus ointment, hormone cream, PUVA therapy, narrow-wave UVB therapy, 308 nm excimer laser, 304 nm high-energy ultraviolet therapy, the autologous epidermal transplantation, melanocyte culture transplantation, dermabrasion + 5-fluorouracil cream therapy, herbal therapy, tattoo color method, depigmentation method, etc. for vitiligo. At present, dermatologists mostly use combined therapy to treat vitiligo, so that many vitiligo patients embark on the road to recovery and face the colorful world with a joyful mood. The best choice for both doctors and patients is to draw up individualized treatment plans according to the different conditions of the patients.
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The localized or segmental vitiligo can be topical glucocorticoids or other immunomodulators, immunomodulators (transfer factor, thymidine, etc.), local phototherapy: narrow frequency medium wave ultraviolet light, excimer laser, excimer light, etc., traditional Chinese medicine. And scattered type, generalized type and extremity type vitiligo can be treated with Chinese herbal medicine, immunomodulators (transfer factor, thymidine, etc.), system with glucocorticoids, phototherapy: narrow frequency medium wave ultraviolet, excimer laser, excimer light, etc., local topical medicine with the same limited type.
8, how to treat stable vitiligo?
The limited type or segmental type can be treated with topical psoralen drugs, glucocorticoids, nitrogen mustard, etc., autologous epidermal transplantation, local phototherapy or photochemotherapy: narrow-frequency medium-wave ultraviolet light, excimer laser, excimer light, etc., traditional Chinese medicine. Scattered type, pancytopenia and extremity type can be treated with TCM, phototherapy or photochemotherapy: narrow-frequency medium-wave UV, excimer laser, excimer light, PUVA, etc., autologous epidermal transplantation (exposed parts or parts requested by the patient), and its topical topical treatment is the same as that of limited type.
9.What are the precautions in vitiligo treatment?
1) Long-term treatment and regular follow-up should be adhered to, and the duration of one therapy is usually not less than 3 months.
2) Trauma or exposure to the sun should be avoided, especially in the progressive stage.
3) Topical glucocorticosteroid treatment should be less than 10% of the body surface area of the white spots; patients with white spot area greater than 90% of the body surface area and no efficacy, decolorization therapy can be recommended as appropriate.
4) Supplementation of vitamin B, vitamin E, folic acid, zinc, etc. may be helpful.
10.What is the relationship between the efficacy of vitiligo and the time of onset?
A: Generally speaking, the shorter the onset time, the better the treatment effect, the longer the time, the more difficult the treatment. Therefore early diagnosis, early treatment is very important thing.
11.What is the relationship between the efficacy of vitiligo and the size of the white spot?
A: The efficacy of small area is high, the efficacy of large area is poor, the cure time of coin-sized white spot or palm-sized white spot is about 3 months to 15 months; the white spot with larger area and multiple patchy distribution around the body usually takes 2-4 years to cure.
12.What is the relationship between the efficacy of vitiligo and the location of the white spots?
A: The efficacy of vitiligo is in order of face, head, neck, back, forehead, both iliac, waist, abdomen, hands and feet and mucous membrane parts. The white spots on the face are easy to cure in other parts. The cure rate of the white spots on the hands and feet and mucous membrane areas is lower.
13.What is the relationship between the efficacy of vitiligo and the type of rash?
A: The cure rate of limited small area and ganglion type vitiligo can be as high as 95% or more, the area of large disease or sporadic lesions with large area or unstable disease healing time is longer or easy to repeat, while the cure rate of generalized is less than 5%.
14.What is the relationship between the efficacy of vitiligo and the age of the patient?
A: The efficacy of adolescent children is better than that of middle-aged and elderly people. The best efficacy of vitiligo for children with limited duration of disease.
15.What is the relationship between the efficacy of vitiligo and individual life?
A: The clinical treatment effect of vitiligo, individual differences, even the same body, in different periods, different parts of the efficacy also have significant differences, regular life, good physical quality, balanced nutrition, cheerful personality, can follow the medical advice of patients with good efficacy, and vice versa, poor efficacy, in addition, partial diet, addicted to tobacco and alcohol, children addicted to snacks and desserts slow efficacy, long course of treatment.
16, the face is not very clear with flakes of white spots is vitiligo?
This situation is mostly seen in white pity, namely commonly known as “worm spot”, “peach fungus”, performance is round or oval superficial dry scaly hypopigmentation spot, not as vitiligo color white, edge is also unclear. It occurs mostly in children and teenagers.
17.Is a halo nevus vitiligo?
A: Halo nevus, also known as centrifugal acquired leukoplakia may be a type of vitiligo, its occurrence is related to autoimmunity, mostly seen in young people, its skin lesions are characterized by single or multiple pigmented nevi surrounded by round or oval white spots in the shape of a halo, with clear edges. And there are some patients with other parts of the skin complicating vitiligo.
18.Are the white spots on the elderly vitiligo?
A: The elderly white spots, also known as idiopathic dotted white spots, are mostly seen in the middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old, trunk, limbs most common, many scholars believe that this disease is one of the elderly skin degeneration performance. The majority of the pitting white spots are round and oval, the diameter is generally not more than the diameter of the soybean cross-section, the maximum diameter of not more than 1.0cm, the color is gradually changed from light white to porcelain white, the border is clear, does not expand or fuse, but the number of increasing trend with age.
19.What are the manifestations of the white spots of pemphigus vulgaris?
A: Mottled lesions, also known as patterned leukoderma or restricted albinism, are autosomal dominant, and are born with white spots of varying size, irregular shape and irregular distribution, but occur more in the near center of the body, such as: chest, abdomen, limbs, etc. The normal skin color spots are interspersed in the white spots, or in the white spots or in the normal skin with deepened pigmentation. Hair on the affected area may become white. Very few patients have only a small strand of white hair without white patches of skin.