In high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagus, the survival rate can be almost 100%. Although high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagus is a precancerous lesion with a higher likelihood of malignant transformation into esophageal cancer, it has not yet progressed to esophageal cancer, and therefore is often cured by endoscopic resection. In this case, it will not affect the patient’s life, and radiotherapy and chemotherapy are not needed after the operation. However, regular postoperative checkups are needed. This is because some patients with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagus may develop intraepithelial neoplasia again in other parts of the esophagus. Therefore, it is necessary to have regular review of gastroscopy to find out the intraepithelial neoplasia and remove it in time, so as to prevent the occurrence of esophageal cancer.