What is meant by nasopharyngeal cancer? Nasopharyngeal cancer is a malignant tumor that grows in the nasopharynx.
Nasopharyngeal cancer may have the following symptoms.
1.Blood in snot and sputum: especially the first inspiratory sputum with blood in the morning.
2.Ear stuffiness, ear blockage and hearing loss, especially when it occurs in one ear.
3. Neck mass: especially a hard, fixed mass under the ear on the side of the neck.
4.Headache: It is often stubborn and usually difficult to stop the pain with medication.
5.Heavy vision (diplopia) or internal strabismus (crossed eyes), etc.
How to diagnose early stage nasopharyngeal cancer
1.Regular physical examination and examination of nasopharynx (difficult to see because of the concealment of nasopharynx) at the specialist.
2. Blood test for EBV antibody can predict the possibility of cancer six months earlier. (Cost $40 – 80% accuracy rate)
3.Nasal endoscopy: it can magnify lesions that cannot be seen by the naked eye and print out the report (cost $158 + $15)
4.Take nasopharyngeal biopsy for pathological examination when there is suspicion.
5.When necessary, cervical lymph node biopsy is performed.
The detection rate of nasopharyngeal cancer in our hospital area is the highest in the region
More than 30 cases of nasopharyngeal cancer are newly detected in our department every year. According to the annual incidence rate of 10/100,000 in Huangpu District, there are more than 300,000 people in the district, which means there are more than 30 new cases each year.
Introduction of nasal endoscopic surgery
I. What is nasal endoscopic surgery?
Nasal endoscopic technique is the surgical treatment of nose or sinuses using optical endoscope. This procedure has a clear field of view, complete removal of lesions, minimal surgical trauma (minimally invasive) and normal postoperative nasal function. The nasal endoscopic technique is a revolutionary change in rhinology, which became popular internationally only in the 1980s, and was carried out at Zhongshan First Hospital in the 1980s under the leadership of President Xu G. Gan Jiayu, who was one of the first doctors to come into contact with the nasal endoscopic technique, has rich clinical experience and passed the technique to our hospital district so that every doctor has high skills in nasal endoscopic surgery.
Comparison of endoscopic surgery and traditional sinus surgery.
Traditional open sinus surgery requires an incision in the lacrimal groove or face, bone chiseling or cutting away the functional turbinates, unclear vision when clearing the lesion during surgery, easy to cause other injuries, excessive scraping of the mucosa during surgery resulting in slow recovery after surgery, nasal function will be affected, nowadays, except for malignant sinus tumors, this traditional surgery is generally not done.
The nasal endoscopic surgery does not have the above-mentioned shortcomings, but only requires minimally invasive surgery through the nostril, no dead ends, no bone chiseling and turbinate removal, preserving the mucosa, fast recovery, good nasal function, less side effects, less pain, etc. The surgery is complete and not easy to recur after surgery, which is the most ideal method for treating sinusitis and nasal polyps.
Third, what other surgeries can be performed by nasal endoscopy technology.
In addition to sinusitis and nasal polyps, nasal endoscopy technology can also be used for.
①Diagnose early nasopharyngeal cancer.
②Search for nasal bleeding points and benign and malignant masses, and perform surgical treatment.
③Correction of nasal septum deviation.
④Surgical treatment of allergic rhinitis.
⑤ Excision of nasopharyngeal adenoid hypertrophy.
(6) Nasal lacrimal sac anastomosis (no facial incision).
⑦Decompression of optic nerve trauma.
(8) Repair of cerebral crest fluid nasal leakage, etc.
IV. What tests should be done before nasal endoscopic sinus surgery?
Before the operation, routine blood, blood type, urine routine, liver function, biochemistry, coagulation four, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, etc., and most importantly, sinus CT photos, so that the doctor can determine the scope of the lesion, as well as intraoperative positioning and guide the direction of surgery, etc.
V. Why do we need to review several times after nasal endoscopic surgery?
Nasal endoscopy is a minimally invasive surgery, which only removes part of the sieve area and opens the sinus opening. Because of the small scope of surgery, it is easy to cause adhesions or vesicle growth after surgery, which can lead to unsatisfactory surgical results.
Treatment of allergic rhinitis
If you sneeze and runny nose frequently and do not have a cold, you may have allergic rhinitis, also known as allergic rhinitis, which can occur seasonally or year-round.
Allergic rhinitis is a genetically related disease that develops when a person with allergies encounters specific allergens. –Therefore, it is important to pay high attention to timely treatment.
There is no cure for allergic rhinitis, and claims in the media or folklore that it can be cured are misleading. The standard treatment should achieve the following objectives: control attacks. Prevention of severe disease. Prevent multi-organ involvement. To improve the quality of life.
Treatment methods include the following.
1, take drug therapy, including antihistamines and hormones. However, hormones should not be taken orally for a long time.
2.Departmental sprays, including BFP, topical antihistamine sprays (such as Acesopin) and topical steroid sprays such as (Reynocort, Cochlear, Endosulfan, etc.).
3.Avoidance, avoidance, substitution, removal – that is, avoidance and reduction of exposure to allergens, such as dust mites, mold, pollen and other inhalant antigens and allergic foods such as shrimp and crab.
4.Surgical treatment; mainly used for patients with turbinate edema, nasal septum deviation, nasal polyps, sinusitis, etc.
5.Immunological treatment: including allergen detection and desensitization treatment.
Allergen detection can be done by intradermal injection or puncture test, or by blood test for antibodies, and more than 1~40 kinds of antigens can be detected, and allergic antigens can be avoided after clear examination. If you choose the right one and do a full course of treatment, you can reduce the application of drugs and avoid attacks. Sublingual desensitization drops can also be chosen.
In conclusion: Patients with allergic rhinitis should choose the right treatment for themselves under the guidance of a doctor according to their own situation and financial ability in order to receive good results and prevent their condition from deteriorating and to ensure a good quality of life.
What should we do about the sandy voice?
Vocal sand classification: Vocal sand is very common, but it should be distinguished from benign and malignant. Benign sandy voice is commonly caused by excessive use of voice, poor sleep or eating spicy food. Lesions are acute and chronic laryngitis, vocal cord nodules, vocal cord polyps, papillomas, hemangiomas and other benign tumors. Malignant lesions are mostly seen in excessive smoking and drinking, family history, history of blood phlegm, etc. It can be laryngeal squamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma, etc. In addition, laryngeal leukoplakia, keratosis, thick skin disease and adult laryngeal papilloma are precancerous lesions of larynx, which can be transformed into laryngeal cancer if left untreated.
Chronic laryngitis is suitable for laryngeal spray treatment: for teachers, salesmen and other long-term voice, such as the occurrence of vocal sand examination is vocal cord edema, in addition to the use of drugs, it is best to perform steam drug laryngeal spray treatment, it can greatly reduce the side effects of drugs and significantly improve the effectiveness! However, some people feel that it is very troublesome to come to the hospital for laryngeal spraying. At this time, you can buy a home spray laryngeal machine at home, such as early sound sand can be their own home treatment. Home throat sprayers are not only used for the sound sand, but also for the initial onset of colds and facial skin maintenance.
Long-term vocal fasciitis must be prevented from becoming malignant: the following cases must be prevented from worsening vocal fold lesions: men over 40 years of age, vocal fasciitis for more than 2 weeks, after quitting smoking and alcohol, conservative treatment still no improvement in vocal fasciitis – must go to the hospital as soon as possible. If the lesion cannot be detected by indirect laryngoscopy, fiberoptic laryngoscopy must be performed. If there is any suspicion, biopsy must be performed and sent to pathological section for examination.
How can a perforated eardrum be repaired without surgery and at low cost?
Usually, the eardrum repair in big hospitals requires hospitalization and an incision in the ear; not to mention the pain, the cost is 5,000-6,000 RMB, and a scar is left in the ear – this method is often unacceptable. At our hospital, there are incision-free and low-cost eardrum repair methods that are a blessing to patients: 1.
1.Cautery + growth promotion method: A special potion is applied to the edge of the eardrum perforation + drops of growth promotion potion, which can make the eardrum heal automatically. It is suitable for small perforations, but the patient must come for follow-up every 2 weeks for about $100+ each time until it heals.
2.Ear endoscopic eardrum repair, under local anesthesia and endoscopic guidance, the eardrum can be repaired without cutting the ear, suitable for repairing larger perforations, costing about 1000 yuan, usually two weeks after surgery when the review has grown well, success rate > 80%.
The indications for tympanic membrane repair are as follows
1. Acute perforation of the eardrum (such as ear trauma) that has not healed on its own for more than one month.
2.After perforation of the eardrum due to chronic otitis media or other reasons, the eardrum has been dry water (no pus flow) for more than 2 months, the perforation is of central type, there is no epithelial or granular vertebral accumulation in the tympanic chamber, and the eustachian tube functions well.
3, hearing test is within moderate conductive deafness, hearing can be close to normal after tympanic membrane repair. If the hearing test is mixed deafness or neurological deafness, the degree to which the hearing can be restored after repairing the tympanic membrane should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis.
It is also important to note that not all cases are suitable for the above two methods. In some cases, incisional surgery is required to remove the lesion and repair the eardrum.