With the change of people’s lifestyle and the pollution of living environment, the incidence of tumor diseases is increasing. Tumor has become a common disease that seriously endangers human health and life. Tumor is a kind of systemic genetic disease, and its occurrence is obviously related to psychological and social factors in addition to physiological factors. According to the clinical investigation of many domestic cancer hospitals, cancer patients in the same period, under the premise of receiving the same treatment, those who have good psychological adjustment and optimistic mood have good prognosis; on the contrary, the prognosis is poor. Besides cancer cells, psychological factors are becoming an important factor to kill the life of tumor patients. It is often said that “one’s biggest enemy is oneself” and “in fact, no one can bring you down, only you can bring yourself down”. It is the primary prerequisite for cancer patients to maintain an optimistic attitude towards life, establish confidence in overcoming the disease and firmly believe in their own recovery ability to overcome cancer. Therefore, it is especially important for patients’ family members and medical personnel to grasp the psychological change characteristics of patients in time and give corresponding guidance to the treatment of tumor. Psychological characteristics of tumor patients 1. Fear Most patients are told that they have cancer without preparation, their first reaction is to scream in shock, unwilling to believe the truth, having difficulty in accepting the sudden cancer diagnosis, suspecting that the doctor may have misdiagnosed them, and having a sense of emptiness and uncertainty inside. After diagnosis, there will be fear and despair. Generally, patients have different degrees of one-sided understanding of malignant tumors, thinking that cancer is a terminal disease that is “irredeemable”, and they even think that cancer is a “death sentence for people”. Their fear of cancer is like children’s fear of the darkness. The darkness itself is not scary, but the sense of the unknown and the imagination caused by it is worrying. Especially in the first week after they first get a diagnosis, they wonder, “Why did it have to be themselves?” Regret that they did not go to the hospital earlier for the examination. 2.Anxiety and fear Patients are often prone to doubt whether their disease can be cured, how long they can live, whether the cancer cells have spread, etc.; they suspect that the doctors’ medical treatment level is not high; they suspect that the condition told by doctors and relatives to them is some deceiving and comforting words. They also fear separation, inability to overcome the disease, loss of self-care ability, pain, incurability, and envy of healthy people. Therefore patients are always in a state of inner turmoil. 3. Despair Patients will feel extremely pessimistic and desperate psychologically and highly nervous when they think that their life’s future will end and their hard-working career, warm family and colorful life will all be said goodbye, and they cannot change and get rid of this result. Moreover, patients not only have to bear the pressure of high cancer death rate and expensive medical expenses, but also face the risk of losing their original family and social status, and may suffer great setbacks in their life path. If tumor patients can eliminate the above psychological problems in time and appropriately, especially when receiving surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, it is very important for them to have good treatment effect if they can actively cooperate with doctors to make good psychological adjustment. Marx also said, “A good mood is more effective than ten pairs of good medicine in relieving physical fatigue and pain.” Psychological care for tumor patients starts from the following aspects: 1. To reduce the physical and mental pain of patients, first of all, the influence of “incurable disease” should be removed, and medical personnel should use scientific explanation to explain the general knowledge of disease, such as etiology, symptoms and prognosis, so that patients can correctly understand the natural course of cancer and adopt a positive attitude; Tell them that with the rapid development of science and technology, for many middle and late stage cancers, the current treatment methods and efficacy are constantly breaking through and improving, so that patients can actively cooperate with the treatment. Medical staff should treat patients with sincerity, explain the rules of disease development, the degree of mitigation or cure that modern medical surgery can achieve, and guarantee that treatment will not bring serious consequences to patients, so as to establish a trusting relationship with patients. They should believe that they can be cured and that the doctor will be able to help them, so as to strengthen the patients’ belief in survival. For patients with heavy worries, make them realize that poor psychological and mental state can lead to deterioration of their condition, and free them from much thinking and worrying. 3, to reduce anxiety in the patient’s mind, often hope that after taking drugs “immediate results”, after surgery to remove the disease. But wishes are wishes, but things are not so simple, especially cancer, which is one of the most persistent diseases and cannot be solved quickly. If patients have anxiety and lose confidence in treatment, the disease will worsen. Therefore, cancer patients should be prepared to fight a big battle, a long battle and a bad battle, not to be anxious and not to be impatient, but to follow the “established policy” of treatment, and to confide their pessimism and confusion to their relatives and friends as early as possible, or to go to a psychologist to express their depression and dissatisfaction. Please remember that fear and pain are temporary, and the resulting worries and despair will surely pass. 4, deal with interpersonal relations The patient and the surrounding people whether the relationship is harmonious, for his condition can be improved, is very important. If you can get along with all parties, you will be able to reduce your inner pressure, be happy and concentrate your “strength” to fight against the disease. Encourage the patient to join some mutual aid organizations, exchange ideas with fellow patients, and invite cured patients to give their personal stories to inspire each other. Organize patients to do what they can to distract their attention. Domestic popular medical publications and books on health care for middle-aged and elderly people have introduced many cases and knowledge on fighting cancer. Communicate as much as possible with cancer patients who have already recovered to understand how they overcome their bad moods and see what experiences they have to learn from. 5. Guide patients to adopt positive coping methods Encourage patients to insist on exercising for half an hour to one hour a day, such as walking, practicing qigong, playing tai chi, etc., if their physical conditions permit. Those who do not like to exercise can chat with friends or do some small crafts, etc. Timely adjustment of their life coordinates, look down on fame, profit and other immediate interests, listen to healthy and cheerful music, can effectively improve the bad mood. All in all, comprehensive knowledge about the disease, don’t be afraid of tumor, keep a good and optimistic attitude, actively cooperate with doctors to accept the treatment of the disease, communicate with family members and doctors timely and effectively, divert attention appropriately and maintain a good lifestyle are important ways for tumor patients to overcome the persistent disease and regain health.