In our work, we often encounter mothers-to-be with big bellies, escorted by their family and friends, asking what to do if the prenatal examination reveals abnormalities in the fetal urinary system. With the popularity of prenatal ultrasonography, such cases are becoming more and more common. As a matter of fact, obstetricians and pediatricians have a hard time facing worried pregnant women, because there is no fetal unit in China, let alone a specialized fetal surgery department. From a strictly legal and medical point of view, the fetus does not belong to either obstetrics and gynecology or pediatrics. There are many causes of congenital malformations in children, related to genetics, environment, and lifestyle habits. However, the increasing rate of malformations nowadays is related to prenatal screening, and then to the increased scientific knowledge of parents. As for environmental factors such as pollution and stress, they have also become major factors. Therefore, please pay attention to food safety and protect the environment for the sake of the continuation of human health. Otherwise, it harms people and themselves. Among the abnormalities found in prenatal fetal examination, urinary system abnormalities account for 59%. These include congenital hydronephrosis, renal cysts, renal dysplasia, and bladder ectopia, which are more common. Sometimes there are also malformations of other organs, such as congenital heart disease, limb disease, etc. Diseases of the urinary system again tend to be predominant in male babies. It is clear that the risk of having a boy is quite high. Children with congenital hydronephrosis should come to the hospital for ultrasound examination at 1 month after birth, and 85% of them can be cured by themselves. Some of them should be followed up regularly to dynamically observe the progress of hydrocele, and if necessary, surgical treatment. In severe cases, ultrasonography and renal function tests are done immediately after birth. The smallest hydronephrosis done in our hospital now is 31 days, usually around 3 months old, tending to be younger. The surgery is internationally uniform and most of them have good prognosis. Another point for parents to note is that unilateral hydronephrosis, or even bilateral, is usually asymptomatic, except for individual abdominal mass, abdominal pain, hematuria, etc. Ultrasound must be done regularly to avoid aggravating renal function damage to the point of irreversibility. Other malformations, such as renal dysplasia, duplicated kidney, renal cyst, etc., can be resected if surgery is indicated. The prognosis is good, because as long as one side of the kidney is normal, it can survive for life as normal. Congenital hypospadias, epispadias, and bladder exstrophy can be treated surgically, but they are more troublesome. Especially the latter two have to be done with controllable bladder, which can be treated in some top hospitals in China. Parents are also asked to think carefully and think twice about the go-ahead of a fetus found to be abnormal.