Korsakoff syndrome, also known as organic amnesia syndrome, was first reported by the Russian psychiatrist Korsakoff after whom the syndrome was named. It presents with selective cognitive dysfunction, including near-event amnesia, temporal and spatial orientation deficits, without generalized mental retardation. The diagnosis of a typical Korsakoff syndrome is not difficult. The diagnosis of Korsakoff syndrome can be made by clear consciousness with significant memory deficits, but other cognitive functions remain largely intact, and in those with mild memory deficits, special tests are used to detect them. The scores on the WAIS were at least 20-30 points lower than normal. According to the ICD-10 classification, there are two major categories of ethanol toxicity and non-ethanol toxicity. This syndrome is classified as organic amnesia syndrome. 1. The presence of memory impairment, manifested as impaired near memory and impaired ability to learn new information. 2. Parallel and retrograde amnesia, with a decreased ability to recall past experiences from near to far. 3. History or basis of traumatic brain injury or disease (especially damage to bilateral mesencephalon and medial temporal lobe structures). 4. Immediate recall is not impaired (e.g., with numerical breadth tests), and there is no impairment of attention, consciousness, or overall intelligence. 5. Occasionally, fictitiousness, lack of self-awareness, and mood changes (apathy, lack of initiation) are present, but these symptoms are not necessary for the diagnosis. The diagnosis of ethanol toxicity Korsakoff syndrome is based on 1. The impairment of near memory (learning new material) and temporal perception (rearranging the chronology of events, compressing several recurring events into one, etc.). 2. No impairment of immediate recall, impairment of consciousness, or extensive cognitive impairment. 3. History or objective basis of chronic (especially high dose) ethanol or drug use. 4. Personality changes with significant indifference, lack of motivation, and a tendency toward self-neglect may also be present, but are not necessary for diagnosis.