A cystostomy is a urinary diversion that does not affect the patient’s life expectancy, but can reduce quality of life. Cystostomy is a urinary diversion done 2-3cm above the pubic bone to divert urine outside the body, to solve urinary retention caused by diseases such as lower urinary tract obstruction or difficulty in urination, and is mostly used for diseases such as prostate hyperplasia, neurogenic bladder and urethral injuries. Cystostomy does not affect the life expectancy of the patients, and their survival rate is the same as normal people, but it will affect their quality of life. If a patient has a cystostomy for urethral obstruction due to a malignant disease of the urinary system, the survival rate may be lower, but it is not caused by the cystostomy itself. Patients with cystostomy are advised to take better care to prevent infection. The fistula tube should be changed once a month, the fistula port should be disinfected every day, drink plenty of water to promote urination, pay attention to observe the color of urine and the amount of urine discharged, and fix the fistula tube and drainage bag properly.