Rituximab can be given for microscopic lesions in nephrotic syndrome and is usually used in patients who are hormone-dependent or hormone-resistant. Rituximab was originally a treatment for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In recent years, it has been found to be effective in treating nephrotic syndrome, especially membranous nephropathy. It has been found that rituximab can play a therapeutic role by reducing the number of B cells, decreasing circulating antibody production, and reducing the damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. It should be noted that rituximab is contraindicated in people who are allergic to the components of the drug, pregnant and breastfeeding women, in the acute phase of rheumatoid arthritis, and in people with severe heart failure. The drug should be used under medical supervision, avoid self-medication. Patients with microscopic lesions of nephrotic syndrome are advised to visit regular hospitals in time and standardize treatment under the guidance of doctors.