Benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines are commonly used clinically for the treatment of insomnia. Benzodiazepines, such as clonidine, giardiazepam, and sulforaphane, and non-benzodiazepines, such as zolpidem, dezopiclone, and zopiclone. Among them, benzodiazepines have fewer side effects, but still exist. Long-term use can lead to addiction, dependence, and can cause side effects such as dry mouth, dizziness, headache, hangover feeling, respiratory depression, ataxia, depression, and mental disorders. Therefore, insomnia patients should use the medication under the guidance of a professional doctor to avoid adverse consequences.