I. The pathogenesis of mammary hyperplasia is the proliferation of mammary epithelium and fibrous tissue, the structural degenerative lesions of the ducts and lobules of the breast tissue and the growth of progressive connective tissue, and its pathogenesis is mainly due to endocrine hormone imbalance. The classical etiological theory is that the balance between estrogen and progesterone is imbalanced, which is manifested by the decrease of progesterone secretion during the luteal phase and the relative increase of estrogen, resulting in the long-term stimulation of breast tissue by estrogen and the lack of progesterone control and protection, resulting in the transition of hyperplasia and incomplete restoration of breast ducts and lobules during the cycle of menstruation, which leads to the occurrence of mastoproliferative disease. In recent years, many scholars believe that elevated prolactin is also an important factor in causing mastocytosis. In addition, some studies have shown that hormone receptors also play an important role in the pathogenesis of mastocytosis. So what exactly causes endocrine hormone disorders? It is generally believed that a variety of factors such as neurological, immune and trace elements can cause imbalance of various endocrine hormones in the body. The external environment, work and living conditions, interpersonal relationships, and neuropsychological factors caused by various stresses can all change the internal environment of the human body, thus affecting the function of the endocrine system and causing abnormal secretion of one or several hormones. For example, in a state of chronic stress and anxiety, opioid tension is increased, the neurotransmitter-mediated environment is altered, and estrogen/dopamine disharmony occurs, which leads to increased secretion of PRL, which may cause or aggravate mastopathy. Chinese medicine believes that the liver and kidney meridians are most closely related to the breast, followed by the two chakras. Liver depression and qi stagnation and internal injury to the emotions have an important influence on the pathogenesis of breast fetish. The depression, the stagnation of qi, the loss of qi and blood in the breast and stomach, and the blockage of the breast meridians, which causes pain in the breast; liver qi crosses the stomach, the spleen loses health, phlegm and turbidity, and qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm and nucleus, and stay in the breast through the meridians, so the lumps in the breast. Liver and kidney deficiency and dysregulation of the flush is also an important cause of mastitis. The kidneys are the basis of the five viscera, the kidneys produce Tiankui, and Tiankui stimulates the ramification, which starts from the uterus and connects to the breasts, and the qi and blood of the ramification, up to the breast and down to the menstruation. If the kidney qi is not enough, the Qi and blood will be stagnant and accumulate in the breasts and uterus, or the breasts will be painful and lumpy, or the menstruation will be disorderly and unbalanced. Second, the degree of mammary hyperplasia staging In order to identify the severity of mammary hyperplasia and guide treatment, according to the clinical manifestations of mammary hyperplasia, experts have divided mammary hyperplasia into the following stages: 1. lobular hyperplasia (stage I mammary hyperplasia): is the initial hyperplasia of the breast, mostly occurring at the age of 25-35 years old, with lighter symptomatic performance, belonging to mammary hyperplasia stage I. It accounts for more than 70% of the prevalence of mammary hyperplasia, and is often not taken seriously and not actively treated and allowed to develop. 2, breast adenopathy (ductal dilatation, stage II breast hyperplasia): is the further development of the initial hyperplasia of the breast, from lobular hyperplasia to ductal dilatation of the breast, called breast adenopathy, mostly in the 30-45 years of age, the symptoms are serious, belonging to the stage II breast hyperplasia. It is easy to attract attention, often difficult to cure, and prolonged treatment causes mental depression, leading to aggravation of symptoms. Severe endocrine disorders lead to a series of disease symptoms in the body, such as menstrual disorders, insomnia, sleeplessness, dark complexion and other series of reactions. 3, cystic hyperplasia (breast duct dilation combined with epithelial hyperplasia, stage III mastopexy): is the further development of the second stage of breast hyperplasia, mostly occurring in the age of 40-55, the symptoms are very serious, belonging to the stage III of mastopexy. The malignancy rate of stage III hyperplasia is over 70%, so active treatment and regular checkups are essential. Stage III hyperplasia often brings mental depression and fear to patients. 4. Cystic disease of the breast (stage IV hyperplasia): The duct cells and epithelial cells of the breast accumulate and die in large numbers, forming cystic lumps with a cancer rate of more than 90%. The ductal or alveolar epithelial cells proliferate under the combined effect of disease factors and sex hormones. The structure, function and metabolic characteristics of the proliferating epithelial cells change and develop into atypical proliferating cells and gene overexpression, forming abnormal hyperplasia with the possibility of carcinogenesis. Mammary hyperplasia has a 1-3% chance of developing into breast cancer, so it is important to be alert to timely treatment of mammary hyperplasia. Clinical manifestations of mammary hyperplasia Breast pain and lumps are the main clinical manifestations of this disease. 1, breast pain: often swelling or stabbing pain, can involve one or both breasts, to one side is more common, the pain is severe can not be touched, and even affect daily life and work. The pain is mainly at the breast lump, but can also be radiated to the affected armpit, chest or back of the shoulder; some are manifested as nipple pain or itching. Breast pain often appears or worsens a few days before menstruation and decreases or disappears after menstruation; it can also fluctuate with emotional changes. This pain related to the menstrual cycle and emotional changes is the main feature of the clinical manifestations of mastopathy. 2. Breast lumps: Lumps can be found in unilateral or bilateral breasts, single or multiple, mostly in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, but also in other quadrants. The shape of the masses may be lumpy, nodular, striated, granular, etc., among which lumpy is the most common. The masses have inconspicuous borders, medium or slightly hard texture, good mobility, no adhesions to surrounding tissues, and often painful to touch. The size of the lump varies, from a small one as large as a grain of corn to a large one of 3 to 4 cm, and the lump also changes with the menstrual cycle, with the lump increasing in size and hardening before menstruation and shrinking and softening after menstruation. 3, nipple overflow: a few patients may have nipple overflow, spontaneous overflow, straw yellow or brown plasma overflow. 4.Menstrual disorders: Patients with this disease may also see irregular pre and postmenstrual periods, low volume or light color, and may be accompanied by dysmenorrhea. 5, emotional and moral changes: patients often feel upset or irritable, aggravated by anger, mental tension or exertion. In general, when the symptoms of mastocytosis are mild, only mild premenstrual breast pain, scattered small granular nodules in the breast, and their condition does not affect work and life, the breast can be held up by a bra to relieve breast pain, without taking any drugs, only clinical observation can be done, if there is no significant change, can be checked every six months to a year to a specialist. When the symptoms are more serious and affect work or life, different treatments should be given to each situation. Commonly used treatment methods include: Chinese herbal medicine, such as Chinese internal medicine, external treatment, acupuncture, etc.; Western medicine, such as oral hormone drugs, iodine preparations and other symptomatic treatment drugs; surgical treatment, such as mastectomy, simple mastectomy, etc.