The blood picture of iron deficiency anemia is characterized by microcytic hypochromic anemia and, in some patients, by a decrease in white blood cells. Microcytic hypochromic anemia also refers to a decrease in hemoglobin, with mean red blood cell volume, mean red blood cell hemoglobin volume, and mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration all below the lower limit of normal values. Patients with iron deficiency anemia are, as the name implies, anemic due to iron deficiency, and the main treatment is iron supplementation, which can be administered orally or intravenously. Regardless of whether it is oral or intravenous iron supplementation, it is important to monitor the blood picture during the treatment process to check the rise in hemoglobin and the rise in reticulocytes to further assess the effectiveness of iron supplementation.