Breast cancer, which has never been exclusive to women, is estimated to have affected 2,240 men in the U.S. with invasive breast cancer (the leading type of breast cancer) in 2013, resulting in 410 deaths. Overall, male breast cancers (MBCs) typically have larger tumors and are more likely to invade the lymphatic system compared to women. Recently, the School of Medicine at St. George’s University, Grenada, West Indies, reviewed the existing relevant literature with the aim of providing screening recommendations for high-risk populations, and the article was published in the July 2014 issue of Surgical Science, an English-language journal from Research Press. A total of 34 studies with 4,865,819 patients were involved in the authors’ comprehensive search of the works. Five studies (N=327667) focused on family history of breast cancer as a risk factor for breast cancer in men. 15%-20% of men with breast cancer have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and a family history of a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer increases men’s risk of breast cancer by 2-3 times. 17 studies (N=5451) analyzed associations between several genes and male breast cancer, carriers of the BRCA1 gene mutation had a 1%-5% risk of male breast cancer, while carriers of the BRCA2 gene mutation had a higher risk of 4%-40%, and associations between male breast cancer and PALB2, the androgen receptor gene, CYP17, and CHEK2 are unknown. 5 studies (N=16667) investigated occupational risk factors associated with male breast cancer, and men working in cosmetics manufacturing and automotive manufacturing had an 8-fold increased risk of male breast cancer. Eleven studies (N=4843598) analyzed abnormal estrogen ratios and risk factors for male breast cancer, including hypospadias (relative risk, RR=29.64), obesity (RR=1.98), orchitis or epididymitis (RR=1.84), and male female breast disease (RR=5.86), all of which increased the risk of male breast cancer. In conclusion, routine screening for male breast cancer should be considered for all high-risk male populations, including those with a prior history of breast cancer, family history (defined as mother or sister), BRCA2 mutation (regardless of family history), diagnosis of seminal vascular insufficiency, and men in the chemical or motor vehicle industries. BRCA2 genetic testing should be recommended for all male breast cancer patients. Increased public and physician education is necessary to raise awareness of this rare disease and the need for screening in high-risk populations.