Ms. Zhang went to the hospital for a week because of nasal discomfort and headache with abnormal smell. After X-ray examination, a high-density mass-like shadow of maxillary sinus was found, which was suspected to be a malignant tumor of the sinus. After the nasal endoscopic surgery, the pathology confirmed that it was mycosis fungoides, and during the surgery, the mycotic masses and lesions were completely removed, and Ms. Zhang’s condition improved.
Mold can grow in the nose? What is the cause of it?
The traditional view is that mold is a conditionally pathogenic bacteria, mostly occurring in people with immune deficiencies, diabetics, burn patients, long-term use of antibiotics and hormones, and those who live in a humid and unclean environment. However, in recent years, the disease was also found in healthy people in physical examination, which indicates that mycobacteria can also cause disease in a localized decrease in body resistance. As for the appearance of headache symptoms, is due to blockage of the maxillary sinus opening resulting in poor drainage, long-term persistent, secretions and necrotic material accumulation of sinus cavity, gradually increasing the size of the pressure on the bone, so there will be headaches and rhinorrhea and other symptoms.
Rhinocerebral fungal disease is a kind of atopic rhinitis, according to the causative organisms can be as follows: (1) Rhinosporidiosis: It is a chronic granulomatous rhinitis caused by Rhinosporidium cepacia infection. It occurs in the nasal mucosa and can involve the skin, vulva and genitourinary organs.
(2) Nasal trichomycosis: manifests as headache, bleeding nasal discharge, etc.
(3) Nasal aspergillosis: characterized by dark red or gray-green masses in the nasal mucosa or during puncture rinses, which may induce allergic rhinitis or asthma in some patients.
(4) Nasal histoplasmosis: It has no typical clinical manifestation and resembles the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection.
There are also other fungal infections such as nasal cryptococcosis, nasal actinomycosis, nasal candidiasis, and nasal budding disease.
Since the fungal species causing the disease are different, the clinical manifestations are different and the treatment methods are also different. Strictly speaking, nasal fungal disease can be divided into non-invasive, invasive and metaplastic types according to clinical characteristics, and the common clinical type is fungal ball type.
In recent years, with the development of nasal endoscopic surgery, minimally invasive maxillary sinus surgery can be performed transnasally, under the nasal endoscope, to enlarge the natural opening of the maxillary sinus, completely clean the maxillary sinus of mycoballs and necrotic tissue, avoiding external incisions, and the postoperative review is extremely convenient.
The disease is prevention-oriented and should begin with good lifestyle habits: no abuse of antibiotics and hormones.
Keep the living room and surrounding environment clean.
Avoid the decrease of the body’s defense ability.
Change the bad habit of picking nose with hands.