Data shows that at least 310 million people in China are suffering from different types of thyroid disease, which means that one out of every five Chinese is affected. However, the overall treatment rate for thyroid disorders is less than 5% …… At one time, the thyroid gland has become a “time bomb” buried in people’s necks. What are the adverse effects of abnormal thyroid hormones? The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the lower part of the neck, not to mention a small piece, but an important part of human survival, because the thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones that play an extremely important role in human growth and development and daily metabolism. Once the thyroid gland has a problem, it can cause very serious harm to the body. Abnormal thyroid hormone levels are one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Thyroid hormones regulate the heartbeat, blood circulation, heart contraction and oxygen consumption. One of the most typical examples is that hyperthyroidism can cause arrhythmias such as sinus tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. In addition, problems with the thyroid gland can lead to infertility in women, miscarriage, premature birth, fetal malformations, and decreased intelligence in children. Common thyroid disorders include hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) or hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism), thyroiditis, etc. 13 signs of thyroid abnormalities 1, hair thinning Hair becomes brittle and breaks or falls off easily is one of the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Low thyroid hormones can also disrupt the hair growth cycle, causing many hair follicles (including eyebrows) to go into a “dormant” phase, resulting in hair loss. Hyperthyroidism can also lead to thinning hair. 2. Depressed mood Extreme depression or sadness is also a major symptom of hypothyroidism. The reason is that too little thyroid hormone affects the secretion of serotonin, the “euphoric hormone” in the brain. 3. Menstrual disorders Long menstrual cycles, heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea in women may also be associated with hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can also lead to menstrual cycle disorders, short periods, low blood flow and longer time between periods. 4. Fatigue and weakness Feeling tired and weak is related to many diseases and is the number one symptom of hypothyroidism. After a night’s sleep, waking up in the morning and feeling tired, or not being able to raise energy throughout the day, may be hypothyroidism. 5, dry skin Dry and itchy skin is another symptom of hypothyroidism. The slow metabolism caused by hypothyroidism leads to a decrease in moisture in the skin tissue and epidermis and dry skin. Due to the same reason, nails also start to become brittle and lines appear. 6. Body temperature imbalance Hypothyroidism tends to cause chills on the body. The reason is that low thyroid hormone causes energy to be consumed by the cells, low energy in the body, and cold limbs. On the contrary, the energy-producing cells in hyperthyroidism are too active, which easily leads to body heat or abnormal sweating. 7. Sleep disturbance Drowsiness is one of the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Low thyroid hormone will cause the body functions to not function properly, resulting in lack of energy and always drowsy. On the other hand, hyperthyroidism tends to cause anxiety and increased heart rate, and difficulty sleeping or insomnia. Anxiety and “sensory abnormalities” may be symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Excessive secretion of thyroid hormones can cause the sympathetic nervous system to become “hyperactive”, making it difficult for people to relax. 9. Constipation and diarrhea Hypothyroidism can slow down the digestive process and lead to constipation. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, can easily lead to diarrhea. 10. Increase in appetite and change in taste sensation Hyperthyroidism causes an increase in appetite and a feeling of hunger. However, because the body consumes more calories, hyperthyroidism does not lead to weight gain. On the other hand, hypothyroidism tends to lead to abnormal taste and smell. 11. hoarse voice A hoarse voice or lump in the throat may be a problem with the thyroid gland. You can check yourself to see if your neck is thick and if you have an enlarged thyroid gland. If abnormalities are found, seek medical attention promptly. 12. Muscle pain A sudden, inexplicable tingling, numbness or pain in the toes, arms, legs, feet or hands may be caused by hypothyroidism. The reason for this is that persistently low levels of thyroid hormone can easily lead to damage to the nerves that transmit information to the brain and spine. 13. Difficulty in getting pregnant Women who have difficulty getting pregnant even after a long time of trying to get married are likely to be due to hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction can infect normal ovulation and affect pregnancy. Thyroid problems can also lead to more pregnancy syndromes.