Coughing after esophageal cancer surgery is a common phenomenon, which may be related to the change of functional structure after esophageal cancer surgery. Most of the coughs are caused by foreign bodies entering into trachea. Some patients after esophageal cancer surgery have poor swallowing ability, so they can easily enter into trachea by mistake when eating, causing irritating cough, which can be improved slowly, and they should pay attention to the dietary style and eating habit, if the food can enter into esophagus smoothly when swallowing, the possibility of coughing will be small. If coughing for a long time causes inflammation of the trachea, antibiotics can be applied to reduce inflammation and cough suppressants can be applied. If there is no inflammation, lifestyle and dietary changes should be made.