Esophageal cancer is a malignant lesion, so there is no such thing as benign esophageal cancer. Benign lesions of the esophagus are often referred to as esophageal ulcers, esophagitis, and esophageal leukoplakia. If the patient has clearly existed esophageal cancer, it means it is a malignant tumor. For esophageal cancer, if it belongs to early stage, it can be cured through surgery. And if the patient does not belong to early stage lesions and there is still a chance of surgery, he/she needs to strive for surgery with good prognosis. In progressive gastric cancer, distant metastasis has already appeared, and it is possible to lose the chance of surgery, but it is suggested that patients should cooperate with doctors to give chemotherapy, comprehensive treatment or endoscopic interventional therapy. In conclusion, esophageal cancer is a malignant disease, and whether it can be cured depends on early diagnosis.