When it comes to Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s syndrome, many people will think that the two diseases are the same, but in fact, they are not exactly the same thing, let’s say, Parkinson’s syndrome is a fruit, then Parkinson’s disease is an apple, obviously Parkinson’s disease is one of the Parkinson’s syndrome. Parkinson’s syndrome includes secondary Parkinson’s syndrome, Parkinson’s superimposed syndrome and genetic degenerative Parkinson’s syndrome. Although the two are somewhat related, it is important not to confuse them. Today, we will talk to you about the main differences between them. The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease is still unclear, and current research tends to relate to a combination of ageing, genetic susceptibility and exposure to environmental toxins. The pathogenesis is the inability to synthesize sufficient dopamine after degeneration and death of cells in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Dopamine is a substance that transmits information between nerve cells and is medically known as a neurotransmitter, which regulates human activity and mood, allowing fine hand movements and a more pleasant mood. When it is not synthesized in sufficient amounts, the body exhibits muscle stiffness, sluggish movements, tremors at rest, and emotional depression. Parkinson’s disease occurs most often in the elderly population. Parkinson’s syndrome often has a definite cause and is a secondary disease that occurs secondary to other intracranial disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, encephalitis, and other causes. These diseases destroy the brain, midbrain substantia nigra, which leads to a reduction in dopamine synthesis or disruption of the receptor system for dopamine, and a series of neurological dysfunctions. Unlike Parkinson’s disease, Parkinson’s syndrome can occur at any age. Second, the clinical manifestations are different In some symptomatic manifestations, Parkinson’s disease is significantly different from Parkinson’s syndrome. In terms of tremor, patients with Parkinson’s disease usually have a unilateral onset of resting tremor, and even if there is action tremor, it is relatively mild; patients with Parkinson’s syndrome have relatively few tremors, and usually have mainly postural and action tremors. Three, different treatment methods The cause and pathogenesis are different, so the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s syndrome is also different. The treatment principle of Parkinson’s disease is to address dopamine deficiency, while the treatment of Parkinson’s syndrome needs to consider specific different types. In our country for Parkinson’s disease, medication is the primary treatment, surgery is used as a complementary treatment, and exercise and rehabilitation therapy, psychological interventions and care and attention are applied throughout the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. The treatment of Parkinson’s syndrome should consider the specific different types in order to determine the treatment approach. For example, treatment of secondary Parkinson’s syndrome requires treatment of the primary disease, and pharmacogenic Parkinson’s syndrome can be treated by discontinuing medication to bring about symptom relief. Treatment of Parkinson’s superimposed syndrome requires consideration of movement disorders and other superimposed symptoms, such as treatment of comorbid dementia, postural hypotension, and urinary abnormalities.