Noma (疳证) is common in children under 5 years of age and is a chronic disease caused by the depletion of qi, blood and fluids following damage to the spleen and stomach of the child as a result of improper feeding or other illnesses. The spleen and stomach are the foundation of the body and can generate qi and blood. If the spleen and stomach are damaged, food cannot be digested properly, there is a lack of qi and blood, and qi, blood and fluids are depleted for a long period of time, resulting in a lack of nourishment for the child’s internal organs, muscles, sinews and bones, as well as for the skin and hair, which ultimately leads to the formation of a chancre. The causes of chancre are many, with dietary disorders, improper feeding, nutritional disorders, illnesses, and congenital deficiency (poor constitution and functioning) being the most common clinical causes, and the site of the lesion is mainly in the spleen and stomach, which can be involved in the five viscera. The key to the disease mechanism is deficiency of the spleen and stomach, and depletion of fluid. In the treatment, the main focus is to strengthen the spleen and stomach, and it is necessary to go to the hospital to be diagnosed by a traditional Chinese medicine practitioner and then follow the doctor’s instructions to carry out the diagnosis and treatment, and do not be negligent, so as to avoid delays in the condition.