Childhood tuberculosis should be diagnosed according to the contact history of the child, symptoms and laboratory methods, and the commonly used tests are tuberculin test, mycobacterium tuberculosis test, X-ray, etc. Various tests are applicable to different groups of people and have different characteristics, and all of them have their own advantages. Among them, Mycobacterium tuberculosis test is the gold standard for diagnosing tuberculosis in children. Mycobacterium tuberculosis test is the most important diagnostic tool for childhood tuberculosis. Finding Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, gastric fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and other tissues is the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. However, this test has high specificity and low sensitivity, and other tests are often needed to diagnose childhood tuberculosis. Clinically, children with a history of contact with tuberculosis patients, fever, weight loss, night sweats, fatigue, loss of appetite and other symptoms, combined with the tuberculin test, X-ray examination and other preliminary diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis can be made, and anti-tuberculosis treatment can be carried out. Blood sedimentation acceleration, nucleic acid hybridization and other methods can also determine whether the child is infected with tuberculosis, the patient should go to the hospital in a timely manner, with the help of the doctor early diagnosis, early treatment.